ReviewInternational immunopharmacology2022
Molecular mimicry, hyperactive immune system, and SARS-COV-2 are three prerequisites of the autoimmune disease triangle following COVID-19 infection.
Review in International immunopharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurocardiac Autonomic Dysfunction in Patients With Post-COVID-19 Condition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.European journal of neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of autoantibody responses in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Brain MRI findings in neurologically symptomatic COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- The emerging role of TLR7-mediated signaling in respiratory viral infections and autoimmune diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- Vitamin D Modulates Humoral Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Autoimmune Thyroiditis: An Endocrine-Immune Perspective Supported by Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A Case Report of Rare MOG Antibody-Associated Optic Neuritis Related to Hepatitis E Virus Infection.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Long-term immune profiling of COVID-19 recovered patients: effects of disease severity and vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Clinical and Electrophysiological Characteristics of Guillain-Barré Syndrome Across Pre-Pandemic, Pandemic, and Post-Pandemic Periods: A Ten-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2026Article
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and autoimmune diseases: unravelling complex interactions.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- HSP60 and SARS-CoV-2: Les Liaisons Dangereuses.Biology · 2025Review
- Immunomodulatory Mechanisms Underlying Neurological Manifestations in Long COVID: Implications for Immune-Mediated Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- NETosis: A key player in autoimmunity, COVID-19, and long COVID.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2025Review
- Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Pediatric Populations of Slum Areas: Navigating Challenges and Dynamics of Immune Responses.Current pediatric reviews · 2025Review
- Identifying potential co-expressed genes and molecular mechanisms linking post-COVID-19 and Guillain-Barre syndrome through neutrophil extracellular trap-related genes.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Clinical Activity of Behcet's Disease Associated with SARS-CoV-2 and Herpes Simplex Virus: Insights from Three Case Reports.International medical case reports journal · 2025Article
- Trends in Serum Shifts: Unveiling Hyperglycaemia Links Post-COVID-19 Vaccination.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Increased Risk of Myositis-Specific and Myositis-Associated Autoantibodies After COVID-19 Pandemic and Vaccination: A Spanish Multicenter Collaborative Study.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- The relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and type 1 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection can produce a variety of clinical manifestations, which are either directly related to viral tissue damage or indirectly induced by the antiviral immune response. Molecular mimicry enables this virus to undermine self-tolerance in a host's immune system also immune system's attempts to eliminate SARS-COV-2 may trigger autoimmunity by hyper-activating the innate and adaptive immune systems. Auto immune diseases include Systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune thyroid diseases, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Immune thrombocytopenic purpura, and the detection of autoantibodies are the cues to the discovery of the potential of COVID-19 in inducing autoimmunity. As COVID-19 and autoimmune diseases share a common pathogenesis, autoimmune drugs may be an effective treatment option. Susceptible patients must be monitored for autoimmune symptoms after contracting CVID-19. In light of the SARS-COV-2 virus' ability to induce autoimmunity in susceptible patients, will the various COVID-19 vaccines that are the only way to end the pandemic induce autoimmunity?
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.