Trial reportCell metabolism2022
Late isocaloric eating increases hunger, decreases energy expenditure, and modifies metabolic pathways in adults with overweight and obesity.
Trial report in Cell metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02298790 (Effect of Dietary Habits on Metabolic Health), which is not on this map. Cited by 89 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Dietary Habits on Metabolic Health
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Shared Determinants of Poor Sleep, Obesity and Adiposity in Adolescents Aged 8-18-Years: A Systematic Review.Journal of sleep research · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Constant-routine protocol reveals an endogenous circadian rhythm in diet-induced thermogenesis with a peak in the biological morning.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2026Trial
- Changes in Resting Energy Expenditure in Response to Different Dietary Patterns: A Randomized Clinical Trial Exploratory Sub-Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- Sleep-Aligned Extended Overnight Fasting Improves Nighttime and Daytime Cardiometabolic Function.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Trial
- Time-Restricted Eating in Adults With Metabolic Syndrome : A Randomized Controlled Trial.Annals of internal medicine · 2024Trial
- Intermittent fasting plus early time-restricted eating versus calorie restriction and standard care in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.Nature medicine · 2023Trial
- Dietary Behavior, Physical Activity, and 24-Hour Rhythm Coherence: A Digital Phenotyping Perspective on Vascular and Glycemic Health.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Chrononutrition variables and thyroid function: evidence for a specific role of the time of the first meal.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Understanding Postpartum Mothers' Perspectives of Chrononutrition Approaches: A Qualitative Study.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2026Article
- Seasonal Affective Disorder and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Circadian Disruption, Tryptophan Metabolism, and Psychobiotic Potential ofNutrients · 2026Review
- Unlocking the potential of circadian biology for cardiovascular health.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- Chrononutrition Behaviors and BMI Change During the Transition to University Life in Young Adults: A Prospective Study.Nutrients · 2026Observational
- Article
- Psychometric properties of the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) in a clinical sample of Turkish adolescents.Journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Review
- The interplay of night eating syndrome with resting metabolic rate, anthropometric measures, and sleep quality in normal-weight female university students: a case-control study.Journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Article
- Big breakfast diet composition impacts on appetite control and gut health: a randomised weight loss trial in adults with overweight or obesity.The British journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Night-restricted feeding preserves the ovarian circadian rhythm of IL-17 and promotes follicular development in prepubertal and pubertal rabbits.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Late eating has been linked to obesity risk. It is unclear whether this is caused by changes in hunger and appetite, energy expenditure, or both, and whether molecular pathways in adipose tissues are involved. Therefore, we conducted a randomized, controlled, crossover trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02298790) to determine the effects of late versus early eating while rigorously controlling for nutrient intake, physical activity, sleep, and light exposure. Late eating increased hunger (p < 0.0001) and altered appetite-regulating hormones, increasing waketime and 24-h ghrelin:leptin ratio (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.006, respectively). Furthermore, late eating decreased waketime energy expenditure (p = 0.002) and 24-h core body temperature (p = 0.019). Adipose tissue gene expression analyses showed that late eating altered pathways involved in lipid metabolism, e.g., p38 MAPK signaling, TGF-β signaling, modulation of receptor tyrosine kinases, and autophagy, in a direction consistent with decreased lipolysis/increased adipogenesis. These findings show converging mechanisms by which late eating may result in positive energy balance and increased obesity risk.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.