ReviewEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2023
Pathogenesis and progression of anosmia and dysgeusia during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Review in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Oral Manifestations in the Post COVID-19 Condition: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.Reviews in medical virology · 2025Pooled it
- Variant-Independent Association Between Clinical Symptoms and IgM/IgG Responses During the Transition from Pre-Omicron to Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Infections.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Baseline cohort profile: clinical and molecular characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients recruited into a longitudinal COVID-19 cohort study (COVGEN) in Malaysia.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Cortical morphology alterations in non-COVID-19 post-infectious olfactory dysfunction.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Symptoms and Otorhinolaryngological Sequalae in Long Covid.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2025Article
- Unveiling the Oral Lesions, Dysgeusia and Osteonecrosis Related to COVID-19: A Comprehensive Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- A Disease Hidden in Plain Sight: Pathways and Mechanisms of Neurological Complications of Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (NC-PASC).Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Scent of COVID-19: Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis Reveals the Role ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Characteristics of Oral Adverse Effects following COVID-19 Vaccination and Similarities with Oral Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients: Taste and Saliva Secretory Disorders.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2025Review
- Decoding prognostic factors in SARS-CoV-2 complications among patients with hematological disorders.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2025Article
- Mucormycosis and COVID-19: Unraveling the Interplay of Fungal Infection in a Global Health Crisis: An Overview.Infectious disorders drug targets · 2025Review
- Japanese nationwide survey to track the impact of long COVID over 3 years.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Transformation of peptides to small molecules in medicinal chemistry: Challenges and opportunities.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Review
- Article
- Article
- The COVID-19 inflammation and high mortality mechanism trigger.Immunogenetics · 2024Review
- Is Olfactory Testing a Useful Diagnostic Tool to Identify SARS-CoV-2 Infections Early? A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Implications on Immune Escape, Vaccination, Therapeutic and Diagnostic Strategies.Viruses · 2023Review
- Detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and inflammatory cytokines in saliva-a pilot study.Journal of oral biology and craniofacial researchArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of COVID-19 which was detected in late 2019 in Wuhan, China. As of September 2022, there have been over 612 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 with over 6.5 million associated deaths. In many cases, anosmia and dysgeusia have been identified as primary symptoms of COVID-19 infection in patients. While the loss of smell (anosmia) and loss of taste (dysgeusia) due to COVID-19 infection is transient in most patients, many report that these symptoms persist following recovery. Understanding the pathogenesis of these symptoms is paramount to early treatment of the infection. We conducted a literature review of Google Scholar and PubMed to find and analyze studies discussing anosmia and dysgeusia in the context of COVID-19 to understand the progression and management of these symptoms. The mechanism for dysgeusia is largely unknown; however, pathogenesis of anosmia includes inflammation and cytokine release resulting from the infection that alters neuronal signaling, thus inducing the loss of smell that patients experience. Anosmia may be managed and potentially resolved sooner with a combination therapy of olfactory training and budesonide irrigation of the nasal cavity. It is important to note that the variants of SARS-CoV-2 are genetically distinguished from the original virion due to a mutation in their spike proteins, giving them a different symptom profile regarding anosmia and dysgeusia. This variability in symptomatology is an area of study that needs to be further explored.
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