ReviewFrontiers in medicine2022
An update on the management of refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus.
Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Litifilimab efficacy on skin outcomes in cutaneous lupus erythematosus in the Phase 2 LILAC study.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Trial
- Modern Therapies for Discoid Lupus Erythematosus: A Narrative Review.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- [Successful management of chronic discoid lupus erythematosus with anifrolumab].Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Persistent cutaneous lupus erythematosus: A pathway toward systemic disease?Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Review
- Characterization of Clinicopathological Features and Autoantibody Profiles in Patients with Cutaneous Lupus Erythematous: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2025Article
- Systemic lupus erythematosus is a risk factor for having multiple subtypes of cutaneous lupus erythematosus.Lupus · 2025Article
- Hydroxychloroquine-induced generalized myopathy in a patient with lupus tumidus: a case report.Dermatology reports · 2024Article
- A Review of the Potential Benefits of Herbal Medicines, Small Molecules of Natural Sources, and Supplements for Health Promotion in Lupus Conditions.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Successful treatment of severe chronic cutaneous lupus with anifrolumab: A series of 6 cases.JAAD case reports · 2023Article
- Synthetic Pharmacotherapy for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Potential Mechanisms of Action, Efficacy, and Safety.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Management of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) involves a combination of preventive measures, topical and systemic drugs, fairly similar for the different subtypes. Although guidelines exist, to date, no specific drugs have been specifically licensed for CLE. Antimalarials remain the first-line systemic treatment, but many patients do not respond, making refractory lupus a challenge for clinicians. The choice of alternative medication should be based on effectiveness, safety and cost. Most of the available drugs for CLE have been adapted from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) treatment but the existing literature is limited to small studies and evidence often lacks. As knowledge of pathogenesis of both CLE and SLE is improving, promising new therapies are emerging. In this review, we discuss the available medications, focusing on the novelties under development for CLE.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.