Trial reportThe European respiratory journal2023
A randomised trial of anti-GM-CSF otilimab in severe COVID-19 pneumonia (OSCAR).
Trial report in The European respiratory journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04376684 (A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Otilimab IV in Patients With Severe Pulmonary COVID-19 Related Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Otilimab IV in Patients With Severe Pulmonary COVID-19 Related Disease
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-GM-CSF otilimab versus tofacitinib or placebo in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and an inadequate response to conventional or biologic DMARDs: two phase 3 randomised trials (contRAst 1 and contRAst 2).Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2023Trial
- Anti-GM-CSF otilimab versus sarilumab or placebo in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and inadequate response to targeted therapies: a phase III randomised trial (contRAst 3).Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2023Trial
- Namilumab or infliximab compared with standard of care in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 (CATALYST): a randomised, multicentre, multi-arm, multistage, open-label, adaptive, phase 2, proof-of-concept trial.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2022Trial
- Lenzilumab in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (LIVE-AIR): a phase 3, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2022Trial
- Article
- Targeting alveolar macrophages: a promising intervention for pulmonary infection and acute lung injury.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2025Review
- Tissue macrophages: origin, heterogenity, biological functions, diseases and therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- The alarmin IL-33 exacerbates pulmonary inflammation and immune dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2 infection.iScience · 2024Article
- Increased levels of GM-CSF and CXCL10 and low CD8Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Article
- Protective role of the HSP90 inhibitor, STA-9090, in lungs of SARS-CoV-2-infected Syrian golden hamsters.BMJ open respiratory research · 2024Article
- COVID-19 Pneumonia and Cytokine Storm Syndrome.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Tracking inflammation resolution signatures in lungs after SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.1 infection of K18-hACE2 mice.PloS one · 2024Article
- Review
- Clinically Evaluated COVID-19 Drugs with Therapeutic Potential for Biological Warfare Agents.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Immunomodulatory Agents for Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pneumonia.Clinics in chest medicine · 2023Review
- Mechanistic insight into the protective and pathogenic immune-responses against SARS-CoV-2.Molecular immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- GM-CSF targeting in COVID-19: an approach based on fragile foundations.The European respiratory journal · 2023Article
- Unlocking therapeutic potential: integration of drug repurposing and immunotherapy for various disease targeting.American journal of translational research · 2023Review
- Development of a multiomics model for identification of predictive biomarkers for COVID-19 severity: a retrospective cohort study.The Lancet. Digital health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
45 authors at 20 institutions in 11 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGranulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and dysregulated myeloid cell responses are implicated in the pathophysiology and severity of COVID-19.
methodsIn this randomised, sequential, multicentre, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, adults aged 18-79 years (Part 1) or ≥70 years (Part 2) with severe COVID-19, respiratory failure and systemic inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein/ferritin) received a single intravenous infusion of otilimab 90 mg (human anti-GM-CSF monoclonal antibody) plus standard care (NCT04376684). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients alive and free of respiratory failure at Day 28.
resultsIn Part 1 (n=806 randomised 1:1 otilimab:placebo), 71% of otilimab-treated patients were alive and free of respiratory failure at Day 28
conclusionsThere was no significant difference in the proportion of patients alive and free of respiratory failure at Day 28. However, despite the lack of clinical benefit, a reduction in inflammatory markers was observed with otilimab, in addition to an acceptable safety profile.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.