ArticlePloS one2022
Sero-surveillance for IgG to SARS-CoV-2 at antenatal care clinics in three Kenyan referral hospitals: Repeated cross-sectional surveys 2020-21.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Clinical manifestations, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy: living systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2020Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among pregnant women during the first three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in southern Mozambique.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Observational
- Article
- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Seroprevalence and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination Trends: Findings from Surveillance Conducted at First Antenatal Care Visits in Kenya, Nigeria, Malawi, Mozambique, Uganda, and Zambia, 2021-2022.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Placental transfer of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in mother-neonate pairs: a prospective nested cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and preeclampsia markers in Mozambican pregnant women with perinatal loss.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among Beninese pregnant women in the third year of the pandemic.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Efficient transplacental transfer of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies between naturally exposed mothers and infants in Accra, Ghana.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Comparative performance of the InBios SCoV-2 DetectWellcome open research · 2024Article
- Trends in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among pregnant women attending first antenatal care visits in Zambia: A repeated cross-sectional survey, 2021-2022.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in a cohort of pregnant women and their infants in Uganda and Malawi.PloS one · 2024Article
- Profile: The Kenya Multi-Site Serosurveillance (KEMIS) collaboration.Gates open research · 2024Article
- High SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Lagos, Nigeria with robust antibody and cellular immune responses.Journal of clinical virology plus · 2023Article
- Safety and immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine in adults in Kenya: a phase 1/2 single-blind, randomised controlled trial.Wellcome open research · 2023Article
- Comparison of nucleocapsid and spike antibody ELISAs for determining SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in Kenyan women and infants.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Heterogenous transmission and seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in two demographically diverse populations with low vaccination uptake in Kenya, March and June 2021.Gates open research · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in pregnant women in Kilifi, Kenya from March 2020 to March 2022.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Seroprevalence and risk factors of COVID-19 in healthcare workers from 11 African countries: a scoping review and appraisal of existing evidence.Health policy and planning · 2022Article
- Performance Evaluation of Lateral Flow Assays for Coronavirus Disease-19 Serology.Clinics in laboratory medicine · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
42 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe high proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infections that have remained undetected presents a challenge to tracking the progress of the pandemic and estimating the extent of population immunity.
methodsWe used residual blood samples from women attending antenatal care services at three hospitals in Kenya between August 2020 and October 2021and a validated IgG ELISA for SARS-Cov-2 spike protein and adjusted the results for assay sensitivity and specificity. We fitted a two-component mixture model as an alternative to the threshold analysis to estimate of the proportion of individuals with past SARS-CoV-2 infection.
resultsWe estimated seroprevalence in 2,981 women; 706 in Nairobi, 567 in Busia and 1,708 in Kilifi. By October 2021, 13% of participants were vaccinated (at least one dose) in Nairobi, 2% in Busia. Adjusted seroprevalence rose in all sites; from 50% (95%CI 42-58) in August 2020, to 85% (95%CI 78-92) in October 2021 in Nairobi; from 31% (95%CI 25-37) in May 2021 to 71% (95%CI 64-77) in October 2021 in Busia; and from 1% (95% CI 0-3) in September 2020 to 63% (95% CI 56-69) in October 2021 in Kilifi. Mixture modelling, suggests adjusted cross-sectional prevalence estimates are underestimates; seroprevalence in October 2021 could be 74% in Busia and 72% in Kilifi.
conclusionsThere has been substantial, unobserved transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Nairobi, Busia and Kilifi Counties. Due to the length of time since the beginning of the pandemic, repeated cross-sectional surveys are now difficult to interpret without the use of models to account for antibody waning.
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