ReviewJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)2022
Brain insulin resistance and cognitive function: influence of exercise.
Review in Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence, risk factors, and early prediction of cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- The Impact of Exercise Training on the Brain and Cognition in Type 2 Diabetes, and its Physiological Mediators: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine - open · 2025Pooled it
- Metformin for neurocognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Mapping new pharmacological interventions for cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Two weeks of exercise alters neuronal extracellular vesicle insulin signaling proteins and pro-BDNF in older adults with prediabetes.Aging cell · 2025Trial
- Inflammatory, metabolic, and vascular pathways linking cardiorespiratory fitness to cognition: Results from the IGNITE study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Article
- Physical Exercise Counteracts Impaired Cognition by Improving Mitochondrial Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Reproductive history differentially shapes the neural response of middle-aged hAPOEɛ4 female rats to estradiol therapy after a metabolic challenge.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Effect of a single exercise bout on fasting cerebral blood flow and brain insulin sensitivity in middle-aged to older adults.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- A Single Bout of Aerobic Exercise Increases Neuronal Extracellular Vesicle-Derived Insulin Signaling Biomarkers in Adults With Cardiometabolic Risk.Comprehensive Physiology · 2026Article
- From Metabolism to Mind: The Cardio-Metabolic-Brain Axis and the Role of Insulin Resistance-A Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Insulin Signaling in Alzheimer's Disease: Association with Brain Insulin Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Vision-restricted dual-task training as a novel intervention to improve cognitive performance and quality of life in type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Article
- Environmental enrichment as a mitochondria-targeting systems strategy across neurodegenerative diseases and retinal dystrophies.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- One-month early time-restricted eating mitigates brain aging and enhances memory in males with metabolic syndrome: an MRI structural study.Frontiers in aging · 2026Article
- Move to Remember: The Role of Physical Activity and Exercise in Preserving and Enhancing Cognitive Function in Aging-A Narrative Review.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Bidirectional associations among handgrip strength, gait speed, and cognitive function in older adults: a longitudinal study in rural China.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Exercise training enhances myokine release and reduces brain insulin resistance: insights into muscle-CNS metabolic cross-talk.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Exercise has systemic health benefits in people, in part, through improving whole body insulin sensitivity. The brain is an insulin-sensitive organ that is often underdiscussed relative to skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. Although brain insulin action may have only subtle impacts on peripheral regulation of systemic glucose homeostasis, it is important for weight regulation as well as mental health. In fact, brain insulin signaling is also involved in processes that support healthy cognition. Furthermore, brain insulin resistance has been associated with age-related declines in memory and executive function as well as Alzheimer's disease pathology. Herein, we provide an overview of brain insulin sensitivity in relation to cognitive function from animal and human studies, with particular emphasis placed on the impact exercise may have on brain insulin sensitivity. Mechanisms discussed include mitochondrial function, brain growth factors, and neurogenesis, which collectively help combat obesity-related metabolic disease and Alzheimer's dementia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.