ArticleMolecular psychiatry2023
Long-COVID post-viral chronic fatigue and affective symptoms are associated with oxidative damage, lowered antioxidant defenses and inflammation: a proof of concept and mechanism study.
Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06974058 (Evaluation of a Quercetin/Curcumin-Based Supplement for Mild to Moderate Long COVID-19 Symptoms), which is not on this map. Cited by 102 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of a Quercetin/Curcumin-Based Supplement for Mild to Moderate Long COVID-19 Symptoms: A Pragmatic, Interventional Clinical Study.
Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- Increased Insulin Resistance and Hyperglycaemia in Long COVID: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Taurine supplementation as a therapeutic strategy for cellular senescence and chronic inflammation in long COVID: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Visualized knowledge mapping on the current research trends and emerging areas of neuroimmune modulation in the past two decades.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Importance of the dysregulation of the kynurenine pathway on cognition in schizophrenia: a systematic review of clinical studies.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Cerebral small vessel disease pathology in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review.Ageing research reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Unifying the hallmarks of major depression through neuroimmune-metabolic-oxidative (NIMETOX) dysregulation: a mechanistic systems framework.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Review
- Effect of Long COVID-19: Self-Reported Questionnaires and Objective Olfactory and Gustatory Evaluations.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Vascular inflammation in neuropsychiatric long COVID.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Oxidative stress, antioxidant depletion, and DNA damage in post-COVID-19 patients: evidence of a disrupted redox network and loss of age-dependent antioxidant compensation.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Long COVID and Subjective Wellbeing among U.S. Working-Age Adults.Research square · 2026Article
- Synaptojanin-2-binding protein ameliorates oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and depression-like behaviors via SYNJ2/PIPRedox biology · 2026Article
- Distinct plasma proteome signature at 3 months post-COVID-19 infection irrespective of post-COVID condition.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Symptoms, risk factors, and health outcomes of long COVID in the United Arab Emirates.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Induces Time-Dependent and Brain-Region-Specific Alterations in Ferroptosis Markers: A Preliminary Study in K18-hACE2 Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The NLRP3 inflammasome as a key pathway in the affective and chronic fatigue symptoms of Long COVID.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 spike S1-mediated HIF-2α activation in retinal endothelial cells suggests a mechanism contributing to post-COVID endothelial dysfunction.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Involvement of oxidative stress in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: clinical implications.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2025Article
- Observational
- Differential Characteristics and Comparison Between Long-COVID Syndrome and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS).Biomedicines · 2025Review
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The immune-inflammatory response during the acute phase of COVID-19, as assessed using peak body temperature (PBT) and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), predicts the severity of chronic fatigue, depression and anxiety symptoms 3-4 months later. The present study was performed to examine the effects of SpO2 and PBT during acute infection on immune, oxidative and nitrosative stress (IO&NS) pathways and neuropsychiatric symptoms of Long COVID. This study assayed SpO2 and PBT during acute COVID-19, and C-reactive protein (CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls (PCs), myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), zinc, and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) in 120 Long COVID individuals and 36 controls. Cluster analysis showed that 31.7% of the Long COVID patients had severe abnormalities in SpO2, body temperature, increased oxidative toxicity (OSTOX) and lowered antioxidant defenses (ANTIOX), and increased total Hamilton Depression (HAMD) and Anxiety (HAMA) and Fibromylagia-Fatigue (FF) scores. Around 60% of the variance in the neuropsychiatric symptoms of Long COVID (a factor extracted from HAMD, HAMA and FF scores) was explained by OSTOX/ANTIOX ratio, PBT and SpO2. Increased PBT predicted increased CRP and lowered ANTIOX and zinc levels, while lowered SpO2 predicted lowered Gpx and increased NO production. Lowered SpO2 strongly predicts OSTOX/ANTIOX during Long COVID. In conclusion, the impact of acute COVID-19 on the symptoms of Long COVID is partly mediated by OSTOX/ANTIOX, especially lowered Gpx and zinc, increased MPO and NO production and lipid peroxidation-associated aldehyde formation. The results suggest that post-viral somatic and mental symptoms have a neuroimmune and neuro-oxidative origin.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.