Evidence mapPaperPMID 36286294Full record

ArticleJournal of cardiovascular development and disease2022

Comparison of Estimated LDL Cholesterol Equations with Direct Measurement in Patients with Angiographically Confirmed Coronary Artery Disease.

Boqun Shi, Hao-Yu Wang, Dong Yin, Chenggang Zhu, Lei Feng, Hongjian Wang, Lei Jia, Rui Fu, Chenxi Song, Zhou Zhou and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cardiovascular development and disease, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Boqun ShiCardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3403-9128
Hao-Yu WangCardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5634-0966
Dong YinCardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037, China.
Chenggang ZhuCardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037, China.
Lei FengCardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037, China.
Hongjian WangCardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037, China.
Lei JiaCardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037, China.
Rui FuCardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037, China.
Chenxi SongCardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037, China.
Zhou ZhouState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 100037, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7674-9857
Yahui LinState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 100037, China.
Weihua SongCardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9358-5826
Ke-Fei DouCardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037, China.

Funding

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences 2020-I2M-C&T-B-056Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences 2021-I2M-1-008Prevention and Control Projects of the Major Chronic Noninfectious Disease 2018YFC1315600
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and aims: Our goals in the study were to (1) quantify the discordance in LDL-C levels between equations (the Friedewald, Sampson, and Martin/Hopkins equations) and compare them with direct LDL-C (dLDL-C); and (2) explore the proportion of misclassified patients by calculated LDL-C using these three different equations. Methods: A total of 30,349 consecutive patients with angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease (CAD) were prospectively enrolled. Concordance was defined as if the LDL-C was <1.8 mmol/L with each pairwise comparison of LDL-C equations. Estimated LDL-C that fell into the same category as dLDL-C at the following levels: <1.4, 1.4 to 1.7, 1.8 to 2.5, 2.6 to 2.9, and ≥3.0 mmol/L was considered to have been correctly categorized. Results: The concordance was 96.3% (Sampson vs. Martin/Hopkins), 95.0% (Friedewald vs. Sampson), and 91.4% (Friedewald vs. Martin/Hopkins), respectively. This proportion fell to 82.4% in those with hypertriglyceridemia (TG ≥ 1.7 mmol/L). With an accurate classification rate of 73.6%, the Martin/Hopkins equation outperformed the Sampson equation (69.5%) and the Friedewald equation (59.3%) by a wide margin. Conclusions: Comparing it to the validated Martin/Hopkins equation, the Friedewald equation produced the lowest levels of LDL-C, followed by the Sampson equation. In the classification of LDL-C, the Martin/Hopkins equation has also been shown to be more accurate. There is a significant difference between the equations and the direct measurement method, which may lead to overtreatment or undertreatment.

Indexed as

LDL-C

Identifiers

PMID36286294
PMCPMC9604394

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.