Evidence mapPaperPMID 36294519Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2022

Artificial Intelligence and Corneal Confocal Microscopy: The Start of a Beautiful Relationship.

Uazman Alam, Matthew Anson, Yanda Meng, Frank Preston, Varo Kirthi, Timothy L Jackson, Paul Nderitu, Daniel J Cuthbertson, Rayaz A Malik, Yalin Zheng and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Observational
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Knowledge, Awareness, and Attitude of Healthcare Stakeholders on Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia in Qatar.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Practical Guidance and Challenges for Clinical Management.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Uazman AlamDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.
Matthew AnsonDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.
Yanda MengDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7344-2174
Frank PrestonDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3953-331X
Varo KirthiKing's Ophthalmology Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE5 8AB, UK.
Timothy L JacksonKing's Ophthalmology Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE5 8AB, UK.
Paul NderituKing's Ophthalmology Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE5 8AB, UK.
Daniel J CuthbertsonDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.
Rayaz A MalikWeill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar.ORCID 0000-0002-7188-8903
Yalin ZhengDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.
Ioannis N PetropoulosWeill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar.
University of Liverpool · GBKing's College London · GBWeill Cornell Medical College in Qatar · QA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is a rapid non-invasive in vivo ophthalmic imaging technique that images the cornea. Historically, it was utilised in the diagnosis and clinical management of corneal epithelial and stromal disorders. However, over the past 20 years, CCM has been increasingly used to image sub-basal small nerve fibres in a variety of peripheral neuropathies and central neurodegenerative diseases. CCM has been used to identify subclinical nerve damage and to predict the development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). The complex structure of the corneal sub-basal nerve plexus can be readily analysed through nerve segmentation with manual or automated quantification of parameters such as corneal nerve fibre length (CNFL), nerve fibre density (CNFD), and nerve branch density (CNBD). Large quantities of 2D corneal nerve images lend themselves to the application of artificial intelligence (AI)-based deep learning algorithms (DLA). Indeed, DLA have demonstrated performance comparable to manual but superior to automated quantification of corneal nerve morphology. Recently, our end-to-end classification with a 3 class AI model demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating healthy volunteers from people with and without peripheral neuropathy. We believe there is significant scope and need to apply AI to help differentiate between peripheral neuropathies and also central neurodegenerative disorders. AI has significant potential to enhance the diagnostic and prognostic utility of CCM in the management of both peripheral and central neurodegenerative diseases.

Indexed as

artificial intelligence (AI)corneal confocal microscopy (CCM)corneal nerve fractal dimension (CNFrD)deep learning algorithm (DLA)

Identifiers

PMID36294519
PMCPMC9604848
OpenAlexW4306938103

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.