Evidence mapPaperPMID 36308299Full record

Trial reportEuropean heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy2023

Effect of ipragliflozin on carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial.

Atsushi Tanaka, Masataka Sata, Yosuke Okada, Hiroki Teragawa, Kazuo Eguchi, Michio Shimabukuro, Isao Taguchi, Kazuo Matsunaga, Yumiko Kanzaki, Hisako Yoshida and 6 more

Open access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Trial report in European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Trial
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  7. Long-term effects of ipragliflozin on blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes: insights from the randomized PROTECT trial.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024
    Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. The Effect of Carotid Atherosclerosis on the Risk for Open-Angle Glaucoma.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Mechanism and function of CEACAM1 splice isoforms.European journal of clinical investigation · 2024
    Review
  14. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 13 institutions in 1 country.

Atsushi TanakaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-3352-7661
Masataka SataDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Hospital , 2-50-1 Kuramoto-machi, Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
Yosuke OkadaFirst Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu, 807-8556, Japan.
Hiroki TeragawaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, JR Hiroshima Hospital, 3-1-36 Futabanosato, Higashi-ku, Hiroshima, 732-0057, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-0183-2541
Kazuo EguchiDepartment of General Internal Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama, 330-0081, Japan.
Michio ShimabukuroDepartment of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-7835-7665
Isao TaguchiDepartment of Cardiology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minamikoshigaya, Koshigaya, 343-8555, Japan.
Kazuo MatsunagaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Imari-Arita Kyoritsu Hospital, 860 Ninoseko, Matsuura, Saga, 849-4141, Japan.
Yumiko KanzakiDepartment of Cardiology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
Hisako YoshidaDepartment of Medical Statistics, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
Tomoko IshizuDepartment of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, 305-8576, Japan.
Shinichiro UedaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, 903-0215, Okinawa, Japan.
Masafumi KitakazeHanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, 3176 Fukaikitamachi, Naka-ku, Sakai, 599-8271, Japan.
Toyoaki MuroharaDepartment of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumaicho, Showa-ku Nagoya, 466-0065, Japan.
Koichi NodeDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-2534-0939
PROTECT study investigators
Saga University · JPImari Arita Kyoritsu Hospital · JPUniversity of the Ryukyus · JPFutaba (Japan) · JPOsaka Metropolitan University · JPDokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center · JPFukushima Medical University · JPOsaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences · JPSaitama Red Cross Hospital · JPUniversity of Tsukuba · JPNagoya University · JPTokushima University Hospital · JPUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan · JP

Funding

Astellas Pharma US
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo examine the effects of a 24-month treatment with ipragliflozin on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS AND

resultsIn this multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, and blinded-endpoint investigator-initiated clinical trial, adults with type 2 diabetes and haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) of 6.0-10.0% (42-86 mmol/mol) were randomized equally to ipragliflozin (50 mg daily) and non-sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor use of standard-care (control group) for type 2 diabetes and were followed-up to 24 months. The primary endpoint was the change in mean common carotid artery IMT (CCA-IMT) from baseline to 24 months. A total of 482 patients were equally allocated to the ipragliflozin (N = 241) and control (N = 241) groups, and 464 patients (median age 68 years, female 31.7%, median type 2 diabetes duration 8 years, median HbA1c 7.3%) were included in the analyses. For the primary endpoint, the changes in the mean CCA-IMT from baseline to 24 months were 0.0013 [95% confidence interval (CI), -0.0155-0.0182] mm and 0.0015 (95% CI, -0.0155-0.0184) mm in the ipragliflozin and control groups, respectively, with an estimated group difference (ipragliflozin-control) of -0.0001 mm (95% CI, -0.0191-0.0189; P = 0.989). A group difference in HbA1c change at 24 months was also non-significant between the treatment groups [-0.1% (95% CI, -0.2-0.1); P = 0.359].

conclusionTwenty-four months of ipragliflozin treatment did not affect carotid IMT status in patients with type 2 diabetes recruited in the PROTECT study, relative to the non-SGLT2 inhibitor-use standard care for type 2 diabetes.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2AdultAgedCarotid Intima-Media ThicknessFemaleGlucosidesGlycated HemoglobinHumansProspective StudiesThiophenesTreatment OutcomeGlucosidesGlycated HemoglobinipragliflozinThiophenesAtherosclerosisCarotid intima-media thicknessIpragliflozinType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID36308299
PMCPMC9892869
OpenAlexW4307585181

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.