ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2022
Clinical characterization of epileptic seizures in Pomeranians with idiopathic epilepsy or epilepsy of unknown cause.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Presumptive paroxysmal dyskinesia in 41 dogs: is the diet change enough?Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Prevalence and potential risk factors associated with idiopathic epilepsy in Golden Retrievers.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Phenotypic features of paroxysmal dyskinesia in Dachshund dogs: 62 cases (2017-2025).Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Canine paroxysmal dyskinesia: distribution of etiological subtypes and structural and reactive causes in a retrospective tertiary care cohort.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Suspected paroxysmal dyskinesia in four small-breed dogs: Clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and prognosis.Veterinary medicine and science · 2024Article
- Electroencephalography: electrode arrays in dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- The Potential of Bemegride as an Activation Agent in Electroencephalography in Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Clinical characterization of epileptic seizures in Pomeranians with idiopathic epilepsy or epilepsy of unknown cause.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2022Article
- Development of a Novel Epilepsy and Dyskinesia Survey for Large-Scale Characterization of Seizure Semiology in Dogs.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFocal epileptic motor seizures manifested by limb contraction have been recognized anecdotally in Pomeranians.
objectivesTo investigate clinical features of idiopathic epilepsy (IE) and epilepsy of unknown cause (EUC) in Pomeranians as well as the ADAM23 haplotype frequency previously reported as a common risk haplotype for epilepsy in several breeds of dogs. ANIMALS: Twenty-eight Pomeranians, including 15 with IE and 13 with EUC. Nine Pomeranians with epilepsy and 8 control Pomeranians were used for ADAM23 risk haplotype analysis.
methodsCase series study including both retrospectively and prospectively collected cases. The ADAM23 haplotype was determined by direct sequencing of PCR amplicons. Data were analyzed descriptively.
resultsFocal epileptic seizures (FS) were the predominant type of seizure in 22 of 28 dogs (78.6%). Among these, 12 of the IE dogs (80.0%) and 10 of the EUC dogs (76.9%) showed FS. Notably, 21 of 22 Pomeranians with FS (95.5%) showed limb contraction during ictal periods. Some dogs with FS also showed immobility, generalized tremors, difficulty walking or moving, autonomic signs, orofacial automatisms or some combination during ictal events. Ten dogs with FS and limb contraction had electroencephalography (EEG) performed, and interictal epileptiform discharges were identified in 9 dogs. The haplotype frequency of ADAM23 in cases was lower (27.8%) than that of the controls (56.3%). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: In our study, FS was the predominant type of seizure in Pomeranians, and almost all cases with FS showed limb contraction, regardless of whether having IE or EUC.
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