SynthesisNeuroscience and biobehavioral reviews2023
Functional MRS studies of GABA and glutamate/Glx - A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Lactate Changes Quantified by fMRS: A Meta-Analysis.NMR in biomedicine · 2026Pooled it
- Neural excitation/inhibition imbalance and neurodevelopmental pathology in human copy number variant syndromes: a systematic review.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Neurometabolite differences in Autism as assessed with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Ultra-high field magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment in adolescents with depression.BMC psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Real-Time Neurofeedback Training to Modulate Glutamate-Glutamine Concentration Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.NMR in biomedicine · 2026Article
- Differential glutamate modulation in the anterior mid-cingulate cortex of healthy adults during inhibitory motor control utilizing a novel interleaved baseline control condition: a ¹H fMRS study.Brain structure & function · 2026Article
- 5T-Based Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging for Adult Diffuse Glioma Stratification.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2026Article
- The Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon: Cognitive, Neural, and Neurochemical Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Neurochemical-hemodynamic-electrophysiological coupling in the neonatal brain: a multimodal MRS-fMRI-EEG investigation.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Traditional Chinese botanical medicines and plant-derived bioactive compounds in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: mechanistic evidence, translational challenges, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Contribution of Cerebellar Glutamatergic and GABAergic Systems in Premotor and Early Stages of Parkinson's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Disentangling metabolic and neurovascular timescales supporting cognitive processes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Medial prefrontal glutamate response to acute stress is associated with social subordination in female rhesus macaques.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- The role of inhibitory and excitatory neurometabolites in age-related differences in action selection.npj aging · 2025Article
- The Reciprocal Relationship Between Short- and Long-Term Motor Learning and Neurometabolites.Human brain mapping · 2025Article
- Article
- Challenges of Investigating Compartmentalized Brain Energy Metabolism Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in vivo.Neurochemical research · 2025Review
- GABA, Glx, and GSH in the cerebellum: their role in motor performance and learning across age groups.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Post stroke depression: pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of natural product-based interventions.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Harnessing brain-derived extracellular vesicles to support RDoC-based drug development.Neuroscience applied · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS) can be used to investigate neurometabolic responses to external stimuli in-vivo, but findings are inconsistent. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on fMRS studies of the primary neurotransmitters Glutamate (Glu), Glx (Glutamate + Glutamine), and GABA. Data were extracted, grouped by metabolite, stimulus domain, and brain region, and analysed by determining standardized effect sizes. The quality of individual studies was rated. When results were analysed by metabolite type small to moderate effect sizes of 0.29-0.47 (p < 0.05) were observed for changes in Glu and Glx regardless of stimulus domain and brain region, but no significant effects were observed for GABA. Further analysis suggests that Glu, Glx and GABA responses differ by stimulus domain or task and vary depending on the time course of stimulation and data acquisition. Here, we establish effect sizes and directionality of GABA, Glu and Glx response in fMRS. This work highlights the importance of standardised reporting and minimal best practice for fMRS research.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.