Trial reportCardiovascular diabetology2022
The number of risk factors not at target is associated with cardiovascular risk in a type 2 diabetic population with albuminuria in primary cardiovascular prevention. Post-hoc analysis of the NID-2 trial.
Trial report in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT00535925. Cited by 50 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes: Effects of an Intensive Multifactorial Intervention Trial on Cardio-renal Events.
Open the trial in the graphWho cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of Weight-Lowering Agents on Fat Distribution: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- Association between adipocytokines and diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- The association between distal symmetric polyneuropathy in diabetes with all-cause mortality - a meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of Intensive Glycemic Control on Myocardial Infarction Outcome in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of diabetes research · 2023Pooled it
- The effects of Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on adipose tissue in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of achieving glycated hemoglobin targets on cardiovascular events/mortality:World journal of diabetes · 2025Trial
- Sex-difference of multifactorial intervention on cardiovascular and mortality risk in DKD: post-hoc analysis of a randomised clinical trial.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Trial
- A Novel Risk Score Model for the Differential Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy: A Multicenter Study.Journal of diabetes research · 2023Trial
- Role of Antioxidants in Diseases and its Impact on Mitochondria with A Focus on Diabetes: An Overview.Current drug research reviews · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic internet users - comparative analysis.International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health · 2025Article
- Silane-crosslinked graphene oxide reinforced chitosan/sodium alginate hydrogel for controlled release of insulin.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Oxidative stress and retinopathy: evidence from epidemiological studies.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes: From Pathophysiology to Lifestyle Modifications.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Multiple Risk Factors Controlled and Mortality Risks in Chronic Kidney Disease.Kidney & blood pressure research · 2025Article
- The Dual Burden: Exploring Cardiovascular Complications in Chronic Kidney Disease.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Advances in the Insulin-Heart Axis: Current Therapies and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Modern Challenges in Type 2 Diabetes: Balancing New Medications with Multifactorial Care.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Sex differences in association of joint glycemic, blood pressure and lipid control and two-year risk of falls among older adults with diabetes.Journal of diabetes and its complications · 2024Article
- Correlation between retinal vascular geometric parameters and pathologically diagnosed type 2 diabetic nephropathy.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNephropathy in Diabetes type 2 (NID-2) study is an open-label cluster randomized clinical trial that demonstrated that multifactorial intensive treatment reduces Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACEs) and overall mortality versus standard of care in type 2 diabetic subjects with albuminuria and no history of cardiovascular disease. Aim of the present post-hoc analysis of NID- 2 study is to evaluate whether the number of risk factors on target associates with patient outcomes.
methodsIntervention phase lasted four years and subsequent follow up for survival lasted 10 years. To the aim of this post-hoc analysis, the whole population has been divided into 3 risk groups: 0-1 risk factor (absent/low); 2-3 risk factors (intermediate); 4 risk factors (high). Primary endpoint was a composite of fatal and non-fatal MACEs, the secondary endpoint was all-cause death at the end of the follow-up phase.
resultsAbsent/low risk group included 166 patients (52.4%), intermediate risk group 128 (40.4%) and high-risk group 23 (7.3%). Cox model showed a significant higher risk of MACE and death in the high-risk group after adjustment for confounding variables, including treatment arm (HR 1.91, 95% CI 1.04-3.52, P = 0.038 and 1.96, 95%CI 1.02-3.8, P = 0,045, respectively, vs absent/low risk group).
conclusionsThis post-hoc analysis of the NID-2 trial indicates that the increase in the number of risk factors at target correlates with better cardiovascular-free survival in patients with type 2 diabetes at high CV risk. CLINICAL
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00535925. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00535925.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.