ReviewNature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology2023
The microbiota and the gut-liver axis in primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Review in Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effectiveness of Oral Vancomycin on Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: A Systematic Review.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Tamoxifen induced hepatotoxicity via gut microbiota-mediated hyodeoxycholic acid depletion and Farnesoid X receptor signaling disruption.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- The Bile Acid Signaling Axis: Deciphering the Roles of FXR and TGR5 in Hepatic Steatosis, Fibrosis, and Cancer.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota-derived imidazole propionate promotes primary sclerosing cholangitis via p38 signalling.Nature metabolism · 2026Article
- Oral probiotic delivery-based therapeutic strategies for inflammatory bowel disease.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota in health and disease.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Association of FUT2 rs601338 Genotype with Colonic Mucosal Microbiome Composition, Post-Transplant Bacteremia, and All-Cause Mortality After Liver Transplantation for Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Calculus Bovis ameliorates primary sclerosing cholangitis via a dual-pronged mechanism restoring bile acid and lipid homeostasis in the gut-liver axis.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- The gut-liver/bile axis: Gut microbiota and bacterial extracellular vesicles remodeling hepatobiliary pathogenesis.iScience · 2026Review
- Safety and Efficacy of Upadacitinib in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease After Liver Transplantation: A Case Series.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Observational
- Lipidomic characterization of bile and serum reveals an altered lipid landscape in end-stage primary sclerosing cholangitis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Geography-independent mucosal microbiota alterations in primary sclerosing cholangitis persist after liver transplantation.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- Dysbiosis in the Gut-Liver Axis Is Associated With Low Bone Mass During Murine Cholestasis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Microbiota in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression and therapy: The hidden players.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Gut microbiome and bile acid metabolism in liver disease: Mechanisms, clinical implications, and therapeutic opportunities.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Proctocolectomy with permanent ileostomy is associated with improved transplant-free survival in patients with PSC.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- Organ cross-talk: molecular mechanisms, biological functions, and therapeutic interventions for diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Autoimmune disease-associated pathobionts: mechanisms and therapeutic potential of phage-based approaches.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Microbial dysbiosis in cholangiocarcinoma.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Genetic architecture of primary sclerosing cholangitis: shared pathways with inflammatory bowel disease and gut-liver axis mediation.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) offers unique opportunities to explore the gut-liver axis owing to the close association between liver disease and colonic inflammation. It is well established that the gut microbiota in people with PSC differs from that of healthy individuals, but details of the microbial factors that demarcate PSC from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) without PSC are poorly understood. In this Review, we aim to provide an overview of the latest literature on the gut microbiome in PSC and PSC with IBD, critically examining hypotheses on how microorganisms could contribute to the pathogenesis of PSC. A particular emphasis will be put on pathogenic features of the gut microbiota that might explain the occurrence of bile duct inflammation and liver disease in the context of IBD, and we postulate the potential existence of a specific yet unknown factor related to the gut-liver axis as causative in PSC. Available data are scrutinized in the perspective of therapeutic approaches related to the gut-liver axis.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.