ArticleChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Impact of Drinking Water Source and Sanitation Facility on Malnutrition Prevalence in Children under Three: A Gender-Disaggregated Analysis Using PDHS 2017-18.
Article in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Modelling the impact of dietary diversity on child nutrition in Pakistan: a machine learning analysis with Shapley Additive exPlanations and Boruta interpretability.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Maternal Undernutrition in Focus: Determinants among pregnant and lactating women in Kurrum District, Pakistan: A Community-based Study.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Machine learning vs. traditional logistic regression: predictive performance and risk factor identification for child nutritional outcome in Pakistan.BMC public health · 2025Article
- A multilevel analysis of factors associated with stunting among children under five years in Lesotho: a study of the lesotho multiple cluster indicator survey 2018.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Exploring the Potential Causal Relationship Between Health Insurance Coverage and Child Nutritional Status in Pakistan: Evidence from PDHS-2018.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities deprivation among children in Nigeria.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Factors associated with childhood undernutrition in poor Ethiopian households: Implications for public health interventions.PloS one · 2025Article
- The law of diminishing marginal returns in health insurance: evidence on child health outcomes from Pakistan's Sehat Sahulat program.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Association among Household Wealth, Maternal Employment, and Undernutrition in Children under Three Years of Age in Pakistan.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Effects of disability on adverse health outcomes and anthropometric deficits among under-five children in South Asian countries: evidence from multiple indicator cluster surveys.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2024Article
- The Effects of Financial Stress and Household Socio-Economic Deprivation on the Malnutrition Statuses of Children under Five during the COVID-19 Lockdown in a Marginalized Region of South Punjab, Pakistan.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe proposed research studied the determinants of male and female child malnutrition in Pakistan. More specifically, it observed the role of the sanitation facility and drinking water source as important determinants of malnutrition in a gender analysis.
methodsNovel data of 1010 children under three years of age from PDHS 2017-18 were used. A CIAF (Cumulative Index for Anthropometric Failure) was established to assess malnourishment in the children. Discrete-choice logistic methodology was applied in this empirical research to study the likelihood of malnourishment in children.
resultsThe logistic regression results depicted that factors such as a child belonging to a deprived area, the status of home wealth, and the education of the mother were common determinants of malnutrition in children. Factors such as a child having diarrhea (OR = 1.55, CI = 0.96-2.50) and the drinking water source (OR = 0.62, CI = 0.37-1.03) were separate prominent predictors of malnutrition in male children whereas the sanitation facility was the main determinant of malnutrition in female children (OR = 0.64, CI = 0.43-0.95).
conclusionThis study concludes that important links exist between the drinking water source and male child malnutrition and between sanitation facilities and female child malnutrition.
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