ArticleScientific reports2022
The progressive ratio and fixed ratio 1 schedules of cocaine self-administration in rats convey the same information.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alternating self-administration sessions of cocaine and heroin impact drug-related motivation and vocalisations in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Training Schedule Affects Operant Responding Independent of Motivation in the Neuroligin-3 R451C Mouse Model of Autism.Genes, brain, and behavior · 2025Article
- β2* nAChR sensitivity modulates acquisition of cocaine self-administration in male rats.Neuropharmacology · 2024Article
- Differential Effect of Fixed Ratio Magnitude on the Rate of Lever-Pressing and Interinjection Intervals of Cocaine Self-Administration in Rats.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Progressive ratio (PR) schedules of drug delivery are used to determine the 'motivational' state of an animal and drug 'reinforcing efficacy'. This widely held interpretation is supported mainly by the observation that the PR breakpoint (BP) is proportional to the unit dose of self-administered drug. The compulsion zone theory of cocaine self-administration was applied to determine whether it can explain the pattern of lever-pressing behavior and cocaine injections under the PR schedule in rats. This theory states that cocaine induces lever pressing when levels are below the satiety threshold and above the priming/remission threshold. Rats were trained to self-administer cocaine on a fixed ratio FR1 schedule over a range of cocaine unit doses. Then they were switched to a PR schedule. Typical for the self-administration under a PR schedule, long post-injection pauses occurred when calculated cocaine levels were in the satiety zone. The compulsion zone theory interprets BP simply as the maximal number of responses which rats can perform after an injection while cocaine levels remain within the compulsion zone. The thresholds delineating the compulsion zone were very stable and independent of the self-administration schedule. PR and fixed ratio schedules convey the same pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic information, i.e., these two schedules are invariant.
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Registered trials
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