ArticleAntiviral research2023
In vitro and in vivo effects of 3-indoleacetonitrile-A potential new broad-spectrum therapeutic agent for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article in Antiviral research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Processed plant-based meat-supplemented diet versus red meat-based supplemented diet randomized cross-over trial Finding Optimal Oral Diet-1 (FOOD-1) trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- KCMF1-mediated influenza A virus PB1 ubiquitination at K653 regulates viral replication.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Biostimulants combination enhance the metabolites content of brassica Oleracea var. Botrytis curds cultivated in the desert region of Basrah Governorate.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Lead optimization of 3-indoleacetonitrile identifies candidate compounds with improved anti-influenza activity and safety profiles.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Old dogs-new tricks: multifaceted functions of MAVS beyond antivirus activity in human health and diseases.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak has resulted in significant global morbidity, mortality, and societal disruption. Currently, effective antiviral drugs for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection are limited. Therefore, safe and effective antiviral drugs to combat COVID-19 are urgently required. In previous studies, we showed that 3-indoleacetonitrile, a plant growth hormone produced by cruciferous (Brassica) vegetables, is effective in treating influenza A virus infection. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that 3-indoleacetonitrile exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity and is effective against HSV-1 and VSV infections in vitro. This phenomenon prompted us to study its role in the anti-SARS-CoV-2 process. Interestingly, 3-indoleacetonitrile exhibited antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Importantly, tail vein injection of 3-indoleacetonitrile resulted in good antiviral activity in mouse models infected with WBP-1 (a mouse adaptation of the SARS-CoV-2 strain). Mechanistically, 3-indoleacetonitrile promoted the host interferon signalling pathway response and inhibited autophagic flux. Furthermore, we demonstrated that 3-indoleacetonitrile induced an increase in mitochondrial antiviral-signalling (MAVS) protein levels, which might be attributed to its inhibition of the interaction between MAVS and the selective autophagy receptor SQSTM1. Overall, our results demonstrate that 3-indoleacetonitrile is potently active against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and in vivo, which may provide a foundation for further clinical testing for the treatment of COVID-19. In addition, considering its broad-spectrum antiviral effect, it should be explored whether it also has an effect on other viruses that threaten human health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.