SynthesisObesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity2023
Differences in gastrointestinal hormones and appetite ratings between individuals with and without obesity-A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differences in gastrointestinal hormones and appetite ratings between individuals with and without obesity-A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2023Pooled it
- Association of serum leptin and ghrelin levels with smoking status on body weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Plasma concentration of gastrointestinal hormones and subjective appetite ratings after diet or bariatric surgery: 1-year results from the DISGAP study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Trial
- A Comprehensive Review on Recent Advancements in Navigating the Complexities of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS).Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Review
- 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Interactions between exercise, environmental factors, and diet in modulating appetite-regulating hormones: implications for athletes and physically active individuals.Korean journal of family medicine · 2025Article
- Naringenin Decreases Retroperitoneal Adiposity and Improves Metabolic Parameters in a Rat Model of Western Diet-Induced Obesity.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Appetite-related Gut Hormone Responses to Feeding Across the Life Course.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Review
- Comparing Appetite and Dietary Intake Responses to Resistance Exercise in Breast Cancer Survivors Undergoing Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy Versus Individuals Without Cancer: A Secondary Analysis.Nutrition and cancer · 2025Article
- 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- Transdermal administration of herbal essential oil alleviates high-fat diet-induced obesity by regulating metabolism and gut microbiota.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Changes in hypothalamic subunits volume and their association with metabolic parameters and gastrointestinal appetite-regulating hormones following bariatric surgery.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Acute effect of exercise on appetite-related factors in males with obesity: A pilot study.Physiological reports · 2024Article
- Satiety Hormone LEAP2 After Low-Calorie Diet With/Without Endobarrier Insertion in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Review
- The effects of acute aerobic exercise on appetite-regulating parameters and energy intake in males with obesity.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Suboptimal Weight Loss 13 Years After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Is Associated with Blunted Appetite Response.Obesity surgery · 2024Article
- Food temperature altered macronutrients induced changes in satiety hormones; glucagon - like peptide -1 and cholecystokinin and their correlation with subjective satiety.Journal of family & community medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Determining if gastrointestinal (GI) hormone response to food intake differs between individuals with, and without, obesity may improve our understanding of obesity pathophysiology. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies assessing the concentrations of GI hormones, as well as appetite ratings, following a test meal, in individuals with and without obesity was undertaken. Systematic searches were conducted in the databases MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov. A total of 7514 unique articles were retrieved, 115 included in the systematic review, and 70 in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis compared estimated standardized mean difference in GI hormones' concentration, as well as appetite ratings, between individuals with and without obesity. Basal and postprandial total ghrelin concentrations were lower in individuals with obesity compared with controls, and this was reflected by lower postprandial hunger ratings in the former. Individuals with obesity had a lower postprandial concentration of total peptide YY compared with controls, but no significant differences were found for glucagon-like peptide 1, cholecystokinin, or other appetite ratings. A large methodological and statistical heterogeneity among studies was found. More comprehensive studies are needed to understand if the differences observed are a cause or a consequence of obesity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.