Evidence mapPaperPMID 36428089Full record

Trial reportBritish journal of sports medicine2023

Transform-Us! cluster RCT: 18-month and 30-month effects on children's physical activity, sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk markers.

Jo Salmon, Lauren Arundell, Ester Cerin, Nicola Dawn Ridgers, Kylie D Hesketh, Robin M Daly, David Dunstan, Helen Brown, Jacqui Della Gatta, Paul Della Gatta and 7 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in British journal of sports medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  5. Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024
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  17. Protocol of theBMJ open · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Jo SalmonSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Geelong, Victoria, Australia jo.salmon@deakin.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4734-6354
Lauren ArundellSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Ester CerinInstitute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University Faculty of Health Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Nicola Dawn RidgersAllied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Kylie D HeskethSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Robin M DalySchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
David DunstanSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Helen BrownSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University Centre for Sport Research, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Jacqui Della GattaSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Paul Della GattaSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Mai J M ChinapawDepartment of Public and Occupational Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Lauren ShepphardInstitute for Health Transformation, Deakin University Faculty of Health, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
Marj MoodieDeakin Health Economics, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Clare HumeSchool of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Vicki BrownDeakin Health Economics, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2891-9476
Kylie BallSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
David CrawfordSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo test the efficacy of the

methodsA 30-month 2×2 factorial design cluster randomised controlled trial delivered in 20 primary schools (148 Year 3 classes) in Melbourne, Australia (2010-2012), that used pedagogical and environmental strategies to reduce and break up SB, promote PA or a combined approach, compared with usual practice. Primary outcomes (accelerometry data; n=348) were assessed at baseline, 18 and 30 months. Secondary outcomes included body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) (n=564), blood pressure (BP) (n=537) and biomarkers (minimum n=206). Generalised linear mixed models estimated the interactive effects of the PA and SB interventions on the outcomes. If there was no interaction, the main effects were assessed.

resultsAt 18 months, there were intervention effects on children's weekday SB (-27 min, 95% CI: -47.3 to -5.3) for the PA intervention, and on children's average day PA (5.5 min, 95% CI: 0.1 to 10.8) for the SB intervention. At 30 months, there was an intervention effect for children's average day SB (-33.3 min, 95% CI: -50.6 and -16.0) for the SB intervention. Children's BMI (PA and SB groups) and systolic BP (combined group) were lower, and diastolic BP (PA group) was higher. There were positive effects on WC at both time points (SB intervention) and mixed effects on blood parameters.

conclusionsThe

trial registrationISRCTN83725066; ACTRN12609000715279.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesSedentary BehaviorBody Mass IndexChildExerciseHumansObesitySchoolsChild HealthPhysical activitySchoolsSedentary Behavior

Identifiers

PMID36428089
PMCPMC9985722

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.