ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2023
Body mass index and molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer.
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Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Overweight and obesity significantly increase colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 66 studies revealing a 25-57% elevation in risk.GeroScience · 2025Pooled it
- Rising Incidence and Mortality of Colorectal Cancer Among Younger Adults: A Population-Based Study in Taiwan, 1994-2018.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Adiposity and cancer: epidemiology, mechanisms and future perspectives.Nature metabolism · 2026Review
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- Why Is Colorectal Cancer Occurring Earlier? Metabolic Dysfunction, Underrecognized Carcinogens, and Emerging Controversies.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular health assessed by Life's Essential 8 score, genetic risk, colonoscopy status, and risk of colorectal cancer: an analysis of UK Biobank.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2026Article
- An analysis of the burden of colorectal cancer caused by high body mass index in 204 countries and regions worldwide from 1990 to 2023.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Relationship between myeloid skewing and colorectal cancer risk in the Framingham Heart Study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Physical activity and molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer: a pooled observational analysis and Mendelian randomization study.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2025Observational
- Early-onset colorectal cancer as an emerging disease of metabolic dysregulation.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Associations between Calcium Intake and T-cell Infiltration in Colorectal Tumors.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2025Article
- The diverse roles of the circadian clock in cancer.Nature cancer · 2025Review
- Waist Circumference, a Body Shape Index, and Molecular Subtypes of Colorectal Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Four Cohort Studies.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Predictive value of serum calcium ion level in patients with colorectal cancer: A retrospective cohort study.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2025Article
- The global epidemiology of gastrointestinal cancers attributable to high-BMI: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Folate intake and colorectal cancer risk according to genetic subtypes defined by targeted tumor sequencing.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- Multiethnic Trends in Early Onset Colorectal Cancer.Cancers · 2024Article
- Predictive value of early postoperative blood lipid metabolism for anastomotic leakage after esophageal cancer surgery.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Western Diet-Induced Obesity and Obesity-Related Carcinogenesis-A Narrative Review.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Metabolically Active Zones Involving Fatty Acid Elongation Delineated by DESI-MSI Correlate with Pathological and Prognostic Features of Colorectal Cancer.Metabolites · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
57 authors at 20 institutions in 9 countries.
Neil MurphyNutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.ORCID 0000-0003-3347-8249
Christina C NewtonPopulation Science Department, American Cancer Society (ACS), Atlanta, GA, USA.
Mingyang SongDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4780-4642
Nikos PapadimitriouNutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Michael HoffmeisterDivision of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-8307-3197
Amanda I PhippsPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Tabitha A HarrisonPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4173-7530
Polly A NewcombPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Elom K AglagoDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, London, UK.
Sonja I BerndtDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Hermann BrennerDivision of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6129-1572
Daniel D BuchananColorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Yin CaoDivision of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9835-7662
Andrew T ChanDivision of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Xuechen ChenDivision of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2476-7110
Iona ChengDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jenny Chang-ClaudeDivision of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Niki DimouNutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
David DrewDivision of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8813-0816
Alton B FarrisDepartment of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Amy J FrenchDivision of Laboratory Genetics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Steven GallingerLunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Peter GeorgesonColorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Marios GiannakisDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Graham G GilesCancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Stephen B GruberDepartment of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Sophia HarlidDepartment of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-8540-6891
Li HsuPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Wen-Yi HuangDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4440-3368
Mark A JenkinsCentre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Ruhina S LaskarNutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Loic Le MarchandUniversity of Hawaii Cancer Center, Epidemiology Program, Honolulu, HI, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5013-980X
Paul LimburgMayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Yi LinPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Marko MandicDivision of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Johnathan A NowakProgram in Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Mereia Obón-SantacanaUnit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility (UBS), Oncology Data Analytics Program (ODAP), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Shuji OginoDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Conghui QuPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Lori C SakodaPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Robert E SchoenDepartment of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Melissa C SoutheyDepartment of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Zsofia K StadlerDepartment of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Robert S SteinfelderPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Wei SunPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6350-1107
Stephen N ThibodeauMayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Amanda E TolandDepartments of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Quang M TrinhOntario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Kostas K TsilidisDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, London, UK.
Tomotaka UgaiDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0182-5269
Bethany Van GuelpenDepartment of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-9692-101X
Xiaoliang WangPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5184-2935
Michael O WoodsMemorial University of Newfoundland, Discipline of Genetics, St. John's, NL, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-8180-418X
Syed H ZaidiOntario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Marc J GunterNutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.ORCID 0000-0001-5472-6761
Ulrike PetersPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Peter T CampbellDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Fred Hutch Cancer Center · USCentre international de recherche sur le cancer · FRBrigham and Women's Hospital · USGerman Cancer Research Center · DEThe University of Melbourne · AUHarvard University · USMayo Clinic in Arizona · USNational Institutes of Health · USOntario Institute for Cancer Research · CAUmeå University · SEUniversity of Washington · USAlbert Einstein College of Medicine · USAmerican Cancer Society · USBroad Institute · USCity Of Hope National Medical Center · USEmory University · USImperial College London · GBInstitut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge · ESKaiser Permanente · USMayo Clinic · US
Funding
Translational Bioimaging Core Shared ResourceP30CA015704 · NCI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI Eric Collisson · 1985 to 2026
$296.4MStatistical MethodsP01CA087969 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI ELIASSEN, A. HEATHER, TAMIMI, RULLA M · 2000 to 2019
$77.8MValidity of Diet and Activity Measures in WomenP01CA055075 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI FUCHS, CHARLES S · 1991 to 2009
$41.8MLong Term Multidisciplinary Study of Cancer in Women: The Nurses Health StudyUM1CA186107 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI ELIASSEN, A. HEATHER, STAMPFER, MEIR · 2014 to 2023
$22.3MMolecular pathological epidemiology of colorectal cancerU01CA137088 · NCI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI PETERS, ULRIKE · 2009 to 2018
$21.8MCancer Epidemiology Cohort in Male Health ProfessionalsU01CA167552 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI Lorelei Mucci, Walter C. Willett · 2017 to 2026
$17.0MData sharing: the Colon Cancer Family Registry CohortU01CA167551 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE · PI Daniel David BUCHANAN, Steven Gallinger · 2018 to 2026
$16.8MONTARIO REGISTRY FOR STUDIES OF FAMILIAL COLON CANCERU01CA074783 · NCI · CANCER CARE ONTARIO · PI GALLINGER, STEVEN · 1997 to 2008
$12.5MCancer Epidemiology Cohort in Male Health ProfessionalsUM1CA167552 · NCI · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI WILLETT, WALTER C. · 2012 to 2016
$11.5MGenome-Wide Association Study of Nonsynonymous SNPs in Colon CancerR01CA059045 · NCI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI PETERS, ULRIKE · 1994 to 2011
$11.5MUsing Functional Genomics to Inform Gene Environment Interactions for Colorectal CancerR01CA201407 · NCI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI GAUDERMAN, WILLIAM JAMES, LE MARCHAND, LOIC · 2016 to 2020
$9.6MDIET, ACTIVITY &REPRODUCTION--RISKS FOR RECTAL CANCERR01CA048998 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI SLATTERY, MARTHA L · 1991 to 2012
$7.9MCancer Research UK 29019Cancer Research UK C18281/A29019Cancer Research UK PPRCPJT\100005NCI NIH HHS P01 CA055075NCI NIH HHS P01 CA087969NCI NIH HHS P30 CA015704NCI NIH HHS R01 CA048998NCI NIH HHS R01 CA059045NCI NIH HHS R01 CA137178NCI NIH HHS R01 CA151993NCI NIH HHS R01 CA201407NCI NIH HHS R35 CA197735NCI NIH HHS U01 CA074783NCI NIH HHS U01 CA084968NCI NIH HHS U01 CA122839NCI NIH HHS U01 CA137088NCI NIH HHS U01 CA167551NCI NIH HHS U01 CA167552NCI NIH HHS U01 CA 84968-06NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA167552NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA186107NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201200008CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201200008INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201700006CNIH HHS HHSN268201700006INIH HHS P01 CA055075NIH HHS R01 CA48998NIH HHS S10 OD028685NIH HHS S10OD028685NIH HHS U01 CA122839NIH HHS U01 CA167551NIH HHS U01 CA74783World Health Organization 001
Abstract
backgroundObesity is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), but the evidence for the association is inconsistent across molecular subtypes of the disease.
methodsWe pooled data on body mass index (BMI), tumor microsatellite instability status, CpG island methylator phenotype status, BRAF and KRAS mutations, and Jass classification types for 11 872 CRC cases and 11 013 controls from 11 observational studies. We used multinomial logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for covariables.
resultsHigher BMI was associated with increased CRC risk (OR per 5 kg/m2 = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.15 to 1.22). The positive association was stronger for men than women but similar across tumor subtypes defined by individual molecular markers. In analyses by Jass type, higher BMI was associated with elevated CRC risk for types 1-4 cases but not for type 5 CRC cases (considered familial-like/Lynch syndrome microsatellite instability-H, CpG island methylator phenotype-low or negative, BRAF-wild type, KRAS-wild type, OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.90 to 1.20). This pattern of associations for BMI and Jass types was consistent by sex and design of contributing studies (cohort or case-control).
conclusionsIn contrast to previous reports with fewer study participants, we found limited evidence of heterogeneity for the association between BMI and CRC risk according to molecular subtype, suggesting that obesity influences nearly all major pathways involved in colorectal carcinogenesis. The null association observed for the Jass type 5 suggests that BMI is not a risk factor for the development of CRC for individuals with Lynch syndrome.
Indexed as
Colorectal NeoplasmsColorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary NonpolyposisBody Mass IndexCpG IslandsDNA MethylationFemaleHumansMicrosatellite InstabilityMutationObesityProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)Risk FactorsProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
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