Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36496030›Full record

SynthesisDiabetes research and clinical practice2023

The bidirectional association between diabetes and long-COVID-19 - A systematic review.

Jessica L Harding, Sofia A Oviedo, Mohammed K Ali, Igho Ofotokun, Jennifer C Gander, Shivani A Patel, Dianna J Magliano, Rachel E Patzer

Open access · bronzeAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
10.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Observational
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  12. Pre-pandemic diabetes and risk of long COVID: longitudinal evidence.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Long COVID and the development of new-onset uveitis: a large database study.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
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  20. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Jessica L HardingDepartment of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States. Electronic address: Jessica.harding@emory.edu.
Sofia A OviedoDepartment of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Mohammed K AliHubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Igho OfotokunDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Behavioral Science and Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Grady Healthcare System Infection Disease Program, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Jennifer C GanderCenter for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Shivani A PatelHubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Dianna J MaglianoDiabetes and Population Health, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Rachel E PatzerDepartment of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Emory University · USBaker Heart and Diabetes Institute · AUKaiser Permanente · US

Funding

Translational Research Core - Engagement and Behavior ChangeP30DK111024 · NIDDK · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Mohammed Kumail Ali · 2016 to 2026
$13.4M
NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK111024
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Some evidence suggests that diabetes may be a risk factor for the development of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). Recent data also indicate that new-onset diabetes may be a complication of COVID-19. Here, we review the existing evidence. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review through August 8, 2022. We included longitudinal studies reporting on the risk of PASC (i.e., sequelae that extend beyond four weeks after initial infection) in people with and without diabetes, and studies reporting on the risk of new-onset diabetes in people with vs without COVID-19 with a minimum of 4-weeks of follow-up. All studies were published in English. Among 5,532 studies screened, 39 were included in the final review. Among 25 studies reporting on diabetes and PASC, 44 % (n = 11) identified diabetes as a significant risk factor for PASC (increased relative risk ranging from 7 % to 342 %) while 56 % (n = 14) did not. Among 14 studies reporting on new-onset diabetes, 12 (86 %) reported that COVID-19 (vs no COVID) was significantly associated with new-onset diabetes with increased risks ranging from 11 % to 276 %. COVID-19 survivors may be at increased risk for new-onset diabetes, but whether pre-existing diabetes is also a risk factor for PASC remains unclear.

Indexed as

COVID-19Diabetes MellitusDisease ProgressionHumansPost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeRisk FactorsEpidemiologyInfectious diseaseOutcomesType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID36496030
PMCPMC9727969
OpenAlexW4311356585

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.