Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36523213›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2022

Estimation and predictors of direct hospitalisation expenses and in-hospital mortality for patients who had a stroke in a low-middle income country: evidence from a nationwide cross-sectional study in Iranian hospitals.

Zohreh Kazemi, Sara Emamgholipour Sefiddashti, Rajabali Daroudi, Askar Ghorbani, Masud Yunesian, Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand, Zahra Shahali

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Zohreh KazemiDepartment of Health Management and Economics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-5852-9375
Sara Emamgholipour SefiddashtiDepartment of Health Management and Economics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran s-emamgholipour@tums.ac.ir.ORCID 0000-0001-8654-6554
Rajabali DaroudiDepartment of Health Management and Economics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Askar GhorbaniDepartment of Neurology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran.
Masud YunesianDepartment of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-2870-7433
Mohammad Sadegh HassanvandDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Zahra ShahaliNational Center for Health Insurance Research, Tehran, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveStroke is the second most prevalent cardiovascular disease in Iran. This study investigates the estimation and predictors of hospitalisation expenses and in-hospital mortality for patients who had a stroke in Iranian hospitals.

settingPatients who had a stroke in Iran between 2019 and 2020 were identified through the data collected from the Iran Health Insurance Organization and the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. This study is the first to conduct a pervasive, nationwide investigation.

designThis is a cross-sectional, prevalence-based study. Generalised linear models and a multiple logistic regression model were used to determine the predictors of hospitalisation expenses and in-hospital mortality for patients who had a stroke.

participantsA total of 19 150 patients suffering from stroke were studied.

resultsMean hospitalisation expenses per patient who had a stroke in Iran amounted to US$590.91±974.44 (mean±SD). Mean daily hospitalisation expenses per patient who had a stroke were US$55.18±37.89. The in-hospital mortality for patients who had a stroke was 18.80%. Younger people (aged ≤49 years) had significantly higher expenses than older patients. The OR of in-hospital mortality in haemorrhagic stroke was significantly higher by 1.539 times (95% CI, 1.401 to 1.691) compared with ischaemic and unspecified strokes. Compared with patients covered by the rural fund, patients covered by Iranian health insurance had significantly higher costs by 1.14 times (95% CI, 1.186 to 1.097) and 1.319 times (95% CI, 1.099 to 1.582) higher mortality. There were also significant geographical variations in patients who had a stroke's expenses and mortality rates.

conclusionApplying cost-effective stroke prevention strategies among the younger population (≤49 years old) is strongly recommended. Migration to universal health insurance can effectively reduce the inequality gap among all insured patients.

Indexed as

Developing CountriesStrokeCross-Sectional StudiesHospitalizationHospital MortalityHospitalsHumansIranMiddle AgedHEALTH ECONOMICSHealth policyStroke

Identifiers

PMID36523213
PMCPMC9748924

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.