Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36537786›Full record

ArticlemSphere2023

Microencapsulated IL-12 Drives Genital Tract Immune Responses to Intranasal Gonococcal Outer Membrane Vesicle Vaccine and Induces Resistance to Vaginal Infection with Diverse Strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Yingru Liu, Laura A Hammer, Jikke Daamen, Michiel Stork, Nejat K Egilmez, Michael W Russell

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in mSphere, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  7. Review
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  9. Frontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
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  19. Review
  20. PreclinicalFrontiers in immunology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Yingru LiuTherapyx, Inc., Buffalo, New York, USA.
Laura A HammerTherapyx, Inc., Buffalo, New York, USA.
Jikke DaamenIntravacc, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Michiel StorkIntravacc, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-4801-7875
Nejat K EgilmezTherapyx, Inc., Buffalo, New York, USA.
Michael W RussellTherapyx, Inc., Buffalo, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1303-4061
Therapyx (United States) · USIntravacc (Netherlands) · NLUniversity of Louisville · US

Funding

Experimental Gonococcal VaccineR44AI115877 · NIAID · THERAPYX, INC. · PI AUCI, DOMINICK, RUSSELL, MICHAEL W · 2017 to 2022
$4.6M
Therapy and Prophylaxis for Genital Tract InfectionR44AI104067 · NIAID · THERAPYX, INC. · PI AUCI, DOMINICK, RUSSELL, MICHAEL W · 2014 to 2022
$4.4M
HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) R44-AI104067HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) R44-AI115877NIAID NIH HHS R44 AI104067NIAID NIH HHS R44 AI115877
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

An experimental gonococcal vaccine consisting of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and microsphere (ms)-encapsulated interleukin-12 (IL-12 ms) induces Th1-driven immunity, with circulating and genital antibodies to Neisseria gonorrhoeae, after intravaginal (i.vag.) administration in female mice, and generates resistance to vaginal challenge infection. Because i.vag. administration is inapplicable to males and may not be acceptable to women, we determined whether intranasal (i.n.) administration would generate protective immunity against N. gonorrhoeae. Female and male mice were immunized i.n. with gonococcal OMVs plus IL-12 ms or blank microspheres (blank ms). Responses to i.n. immunization were similar to those with i.vag. immunization, with serum IgG, salivary IgA, and vaginal IgG and IgA antigonococcal antibodies induced when OMVs were administered with IL-12 ms. Male mice responded with serum IgG and salivary IgA antibodies similarly to female mice. Gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production by CD4

Indexed as

GonorrheaNeisseria gonorrhoeaeAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntibodies, BlockingBacterial VaccinesFemaleHumansImmunityImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin GInterferon-gammaInterleukin-12MaleMiceAntibodies, BacterialAntibodies, BlockingBacterial VaccinesImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin GInterferon-gammaInterleukin-12genital tract immunityinterleukin-12intranasalmicroencapsulationNeisseria gonorrhoeaeouter membrane vesiclesvaccine

Identifiers

PMID36537786
PMCPMC9942569
OpenAlexW4312019206

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.