ArticleSurgical neurology international2022
The effect of Vitamins C and E on clinical outcomes of patients with severe traumatic brain injury: A propensity score matching study.
Article in Surgical neurology international, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tauroursodeoxycholic acid reduces brain lesion volume and cortical edema in a rat model of Traumatic brain injury.Brain research · 2025Article
- Impact of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) on CYP2D6 Activity and the Restorative Effects of Melatonin and Vitamin C Supplementation.Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPRArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Vitamins C and E on mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E) score of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Methods: Using data from records of patients in a retrospective cohort study, we included 1321 TBI patients, 269 treated and 1052 untreated, aged over 18 years with information on exposure (i.e., Vitamins C and E) and confounders. Age, Glasgow Coma Scale, pupil status, Rotterdam classification, blood sugar, blood pressure, international normalized ratio, and comorbidity of patients were considered as the confounding factors. Endpoints were GOS-E on follow-up, mortality, and ICU length of stay. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust the confounders. Results: Based on the average treatment effect estimates, the use of Vitamins C and E reduced the risk of mortality (risk difference [RD]: -0.07; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.14--0.003) and reduced the length of ICU stay (RD -1.77 95% CI:-3.71-0.16). Furthermore, our results showed that GOS-E was improved significantly (RD: 0.09, 95% CI : 0.03-0.16). Conclusion: Our study suggests that using Vitamins C and E could decrease mortality and length of ICU stay and improve the GOS-E score and functions of the patients with severe TBI. As they are safe and inexpensive medications, they can be used in routine practice in ICUs to improve the outcomes of TBI patients.
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