Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36609334›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2023

Qualitative study of pathways to care among adults with diabetes in rural Guatemala.

Anita Nandkumar Chary, Meghna Nandi, David Flood, Scott Tschida, Katharine Wilcox, Sophie Kurschner, Pablo Garcia, Peter Rohloff

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.

Anita Nandkumar CharyMedicine & Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA anita.chary@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-8839-7617
Meghna NandiCenter for Research on Indigenous Health, Maya Health Alliance Wuqu' Kawoq, Tecpan, Guatemala.ORCID 0000-0001-6407-4074
David FloodCenter for Research on Indigenous Health, Maya Health Alliance Wuqu' Kawoq, Tecpan, Guatemala.ORCID 0000-0002-4372-7387
Scott TschidaCenter for Research on Indigenous Health, Maya Health Alliance Wuqu' Kawoq, Tecpan, Guatemala.
Katharine WilcoxCenter for Research on Indigenous Health, Maya Health Alliance Wuqu' Kawoq, Tecpan, Guatemala.
Sophie KurschnerCenter for Research on Indigenous Health, Maya Health Alliance Wuqu' Kawoq, Tecpan, Guatemala.ORCID 0000-0002-5114-5870
Pablo GarciaCenter for Research on Indigenous Health, Maya Health Alliance Wuqu' Kawoq, Tecpan, Guatemala.
Peter RohloffCenter for Research on Indigenous Health, Maya Health Alliance Wuqu' Kawoq, Tecpan, Guatemala.
Institute for Urban Indigenous Health · AUBaylor College of Medicine · USBoston Medical Center · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · USGeorge Washington University · USUniversity of Illinois Chicago · USUniversity of Michigan · US

Funding

Research BaseP30DK092926 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MARY ELLEN MICHELE HEISLER, ADESUWA B OLOMU · 2011 to 2026
$10.0M
Building Capacity for Chronic Kidney Disease Research in Guatemala.R21TW010831 · FIC · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI MENDOZA, CARLOS, ROHLOFF, PETER · 2017 to 2018
$335k
FIC NIH HHS R21 TW010831NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK092926
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe burden of diabetes mellitus is increasing in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Few studies have explored pathways to care among individuals with diabetes in LMICs. This study evaluates care trajectories among adults with diabetes in rural Guatemala.

designA qualitative investigation was conducted as part of a population-based study assessing incidence and risk factors for chronic kidney disease in two rural sites in Guatemala. A random sample of 807 individuals had haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) screening for diabetes in both sites. Based on results from the first 6 months of the population study, semistructured interviews were performed with 29 adults found to have an HbA1c≥6.5% and who reported a previous diagnosis of diabetes. Interviews explored pathways to and experiences of diabetes care. Detailed interview notes were coded using NVivo and used to construct diagrams depicting each participant's pathway to care and use of distinct healthcare sectors.

resultsParticipants experienced fragmented care across multiple health sectors (97%), including government, private and non-governmental sectors. The majority of participants sought care with multiple providers for diabetes (90%), at times simultaneously and at times sequentially, and did not have longitudinal continuity of care with a single provider. Many participants experienced financial burden from out-of-pocket costs associated with diabetes care (66%) despite availability of free government sector care. Participants perceived government diabetes care as low-quality due to resource limitations and poor communication with providers, leading some to seek care in other health sectors.

conclusionsThis study highlights the fragmented, discontinuous nature of diabetes care in Guatemala across public, private and non-governmental health sectors. Strategies to improve diabetes care access in Guatemala and other LMICs should be multisectorial and occur through strengthened government primary care and innovative private and non-governmental organisation care models.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusAdultGlycated HemoglobinGuatemalaHumansQualitative ResearchRisk FactorsGlycated Hemoglobinanthropologygeneral diabetesinternational health servicesprimary carepublic healthqualitative research

Identifiers

PMID36609334
PMCPMC9827254
OpenAlexW4313644854

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.