Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36673645›Full record

ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2023

Assessment of Saudi Society's Knowledge Regarding Hypothyroidism and Its Neuropsychiatric Clinical Manifestations.

Hayat Saleh Alzahrani, Rand Abdalla Alshabnan, Fatmah Mamdooh Mokhtar, Aljoharah Ibrahim Aleisa, Nora Abdulrahman AlHedaithi, Ghadah Khalid Alotaibi, Tif Meshref Alamri, Wejdan Dia Aluthaim, Jana Mahmoud Alyousef, Reem Saeed AlSarhan and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Hayat Saleh AlzahraniDepartment of Clinical Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Rand Abdalla AlshabnanCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-3026-3886
Fatmah Mamdooh MokhtarCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Aljoharah Ibrahim AleisaCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Nora Abdulrahman AlHedaithiCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Ghadah Khalid AlotaibiCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Tif Meshref AlamriCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Wejdan Dia AluthaimCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-8632-7965
Jana Mahmoud AlyousefCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Reem Saeed AlSarhanCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Maha Mohammed AlHusseinCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Bader A AlmehmadiDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-5609-9914
Mansour AlzahraniDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
Fahad Mohammad AlfhaidDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: This study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge and awareness of hypothyroidism and its neuropsychiatric clinical manifestations among the Saudi population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study employing a convenient sampling technique, conducted between February and May 2022. A questionnaire was distributed online to all participants in all five regions. Results: In this survey, a total of 2016 Saudi citizens participated. When asked about depression, more than half of the participants (59.6%) correctly identified depression as one of the neuropsychiatric clinical symptoms of hypothyroidism. Nearly half of the participants (47.5%) were unaware that anxiety was not a neuropsychiatric manifestation of hypothyroidism. With a percentage of 91.0%, the majority of participants exhibited poor knowledge. The regression analysis showed that males have significantly reduced knowledge about hypothyroidism than females (coefficient −3.686, p-value < 0.0001). Similarly, those who have “enough income and can save” were more knowledgeable than others (coefficient 0.731, p-value < 0.02). Regarding the source of information, journals provide three times more information (p-value 0.0001), and healthcare practitioners provides four times more information as compared to family and friends (p-value 0.0001). Conclusion: Due to a lack of knowledge about hypothyroidism and its complications, symptoms, risk factors, and treatment, the most viable solution to these misconceptions would be to implement a variety of educational programs to increase public awareness of this issue.

Indexed as

anxietyassessmentcross-sectional studydepressionhypothyroidismknowledgeSaudi ArabiaSaudi population

Identifiers

PMID36673645
PMCPMC9858864

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.