SynthesisPsychiatry research. Neuroimaging2023
Review of EEG-based neurofeedback as a therapeutic intervention to treat depression.
Synthesis in Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Efficacy of Virtual Reality-Based EEG Neurofeedback in Health-Related Symptoms Relief: A Systematic Review.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical and neurophysiological effects of bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and EEG-guided neurofeedback in Parkinson's disease: a randomized, four-arm controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Trial
- Cost, Research, and Education: Providers' Perspectives on Making Neurofeedback More Accessible.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2026Article
- Quantitative Electroencephalography as a Complement to Symptom-Based Psychiatric Diagnosis: A Narrative Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Effects of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation, Neurofeedback, and their Combination on Cortisol, Anxiety, and Depression Subtypes in Non-Clinical Adults.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2026Article
- Acupoint temperature as a biomarker: infrared thermography in the diagnosis of adolescents with major depressive disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Advances in the Application of Brain-Computer Interface-Based Neurofeedback Training in the Rehabilitation of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Review
- Effectiveness of fMRI-based Neurofeedback Therapy on Depression: A Systematic Review.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Identification of Pyroptosis-Related Molecular Subtypes and Diagnostic Model development in Major Depressive Disorder.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Article
- Biofeedback Training in Inpatient Mental Health Facilities: A Scoping Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Combined Effects of EEG Biofeedback and Olanzapine on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism, Cardiac Function, and Cognitive Function in Patients With Schizophrenia.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2025Article
- Reward System EEG-fMRI-Pattern Neurofeedback for Major Depressive Disorder with Anhedonia: A Multicenter Pilot Study.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Neuropsychological Performance: How Mental Health Drives Attentional Function in University-Level Football Athletes.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Analysis of sleep disorders and their influencing factors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.PloS one · 2025Article
- Evaluating the effects of multimodal EEG-fNIRS neurofeedback for motor imagery: An experimental platform and study protocol.PloS one · 2025Article
- Dynamic reconstruction of electroencephalogram data using RBF neural networks.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Comparison of EEG Signal Spectral Characteristics Obtained with Consumer- and Research-Grade Devices.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Decoded EEG neurofeedback-guided cognitive reappraisal training for emotion regulation.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2024Article
- A Lightweight Multi-Mental Disorders Detection Method Using Entropy-Based Matrix from Single-Channel EEG Signals.Brain sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Depression, or major depressive disorder, is a common mental disorder that affects individuals' behavior, mood, and physical health, and its prevalence has increased during the lockdowns implemented to curb the COVID-19 pandemic. There is an urgent need to update the treatment recommendations for mental disorders during such crises. Conventional interventions to treat depression include long-term pharmacotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. Electroencephalogram-neurofeedback (EEG-NF) training has been suggested as a non-invasive option to treat depression with minimal side effects. In this systematic review, we summarize the recent literature on EEG-NF training for treating depression. The 12 studies included in our final sample reported that despite several issues related to EEG-NF practices, patients with depression showed significant cognitive, clinical, and neural improvements following EEG-NF training. Given its low cost and the low risk of side effects due to its non-invasive nature, we suggest that EEG-NF is worth exploring as an augmented tool for patients who already receive standard medications but remain symptomatic, and that EEG-NF training may be an effective intervention tool that can be utilized as a supplementary treatment for depression. We conclude by providing some suggestions related to experimental designs and standards to improve current EEG-NF training practices for treating depression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.