SynthesisNature genetics2023
Genome-wide analyses of ADHD identify 27 risk loci, refine the genetic architecture and implicate several cognitive domains.
Erratum issuedOpen access · greenAbstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph
Synthesis in Nature genetics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 442 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
442citing papers in PubMed, 13 pooled it
157.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
442 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 705 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the genetic correlation between inflammatory bowel disease and psychiatric disorders: insights from genome-wide association studies.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Genome-wide association studies of infant and toddler temperament in European and multi-ancestry populations.Nature human behaviour · 2026Pooled it
- Combined family-based association and linkage analyses in families affected by attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Human genetics · 2026Pooled it
- Unravelling sex differences in the genetic architecture of anxiety.Psychological medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Neurological and biological correlations of ODD with ADHD in children and adolescents: a systematic review.BMC psychology · 2026Pooled it
- A multi-cohort assessment of the polygenic prediction in ADHD treatment response.Psychiatry research · 2026Pooled it
- Genome-wide meta-analyses of non-response to antidepressants provide insights into underlying molecular genetics and suggest potential pharmacotherapies.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Microbiome dynamics in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis decoding the role of gut dysbiosis and potential dietary interventions.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Multi-ancestry investigation of the genomics of erectile dysfunction.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Maternal paracetamol (acetaminophen) use during pregnancy and risk of autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring: umbrella review of systematic reviews.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2025Pooled it
- The Genetic Architecture of the Human Corpus Callosum and its Subregions.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Genome-wide association meta-analysis of childhood ADHD symptoms and diagnosis identifies new loci and potential effector genes.Nature genetics · 2025Pooled it
- Fish oil-derived fatty acids during pregnancy and risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children at age 10 - A randomized controlled trial.Translational psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Big data and psychiatry: advances, constraints and future directions.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026Article
- Genetic investigation of the association between maternal dietary patterns and offspring ADHD.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- ADHD Symptoms in Parents of Children With or Without ADHD: Prospective Association With Children's Quality of Life and Emotional and Conduct Problems (EPINED Cohort).Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2026Article
- Exploring the shared genetic architecture and causal relationship between childhood maltreatment and psychiatric disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- Childhood ADHD and Its Adult Mimics: When First-Time ADHD Diagnoses in Adulthood May Reflect Other Conditions-A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
382 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
49 authors at 20 institutions in 15 countries.
Ditte Demontis *Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. ditte@biomed.au.dk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9124-2766
G Bragi Walters *deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5415-6487
Georgios Athanasiadis *The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-4035
Raymond Walters *Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8422-6530
Karen TherrienCenter for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3351-7260
Trine Tollerup NielsenDepartment of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Leila FarajzadehDepartment of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Georgios VoloudakisCenter for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5729-632X
Jaroslav BendlCenter for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9989-2720
Biau ZengCenter for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Wen ZhangCenter for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Jakob GroveDepartment of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-5744
Thomas D AlsDepartment of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2963-1928
Jinjie DuanDepartment of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
F Kyle SatterstromAnalytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6187-7680
Jonas Bybjerg-GrauholmThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1705-4008
Marie Bækved-HansenThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Olafur O GudmundssondeCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8466-1559
Sigurdur H MagnussondeCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6669-3071
Gisli BaldurssonDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Katrin DavidsdottirThe Centre for Child Development and Behaviour, Capital Area Primary Health Care, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Gyda S HaraldsdottirThe Centre for Child Development and Behaviour, Capital Area Primary Health Care, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Esben AgerboThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2849-524X
Gabriel E HoffmanCenter for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0957-0224
Søren DalsgaardNational Centre for Register-Based Research, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-0969
Joanna MartinPsychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-3479
Marta RibasésPsychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1039-1116
Dorret I BoomsmaDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7099-7972
Maria Soler ArtigasPsychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3213-1107
Nina Roth MotaDepartment of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3504-759X
Daniel HowriganAnalytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7721-4838
Sarah E MedlandPsychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1382-380X
Tetyana ZayatsAnalytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Veera M RajagopalDepartment of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5236-168X
ADHD Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium
iPSYCH-Broad Consortium
Merete NordentoftThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Ole MorsThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
David M HougaardThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5928-3517
Preben Bo MortensenThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Mark J DalyAnalytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0949-8752
Stephen V FaraoneDepartments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
Hreinn StefanssondeCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Panos RoussosCenter for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4640-6239
Barbara FrankeDepartment of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4375-6572
Thomas WergeThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-0766
Benjamin M NealeAnalytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1513-6077
Kari StefanssondeCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1676-864X
Anders D BørglumDepartment of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. anders@biomed.au.dk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-7219
Aarhus University · DKAllen Institute for Brain Science · USBroad Institute · USdeCODE Genetics (Iceland) · ISCardiff University · GBUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul · BRCopenhagen University Hospital · DKHospital for Sick Children · CANorwegian Institute of Public Health · NORadboud University Nijmegen · NLStatens Serum Institut · DKAarhus University Hospital · DKAdministration of Occupational Safety and Health · ISHeidelberg University · DEKing's College London · GBMonash University · AUOslo University Hospital · NOUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona · ESCentre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases · ESChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia · US
Funding
Statistical methods to localize disease heritability and identify biological mechanismsR37MH107649 · NIMH · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI Benjamin Michael Neale · 2019 to 2026
$7.0MThe 3D genome in transcriptional regulation across the postnatal life span, with implications for schizophrenia and bipolar disorderU01MH116442 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI AKBARIAN, SCHAHRAM, DRACHEVA, STELLA · 2018 to 2022
$5.9M2/7 Psychiatric Genomics Consortium: Advancing Discovery and ImpactR01MH124851 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BOERGLUM, ANDERS, DAVIS, LEA K · 2021 to 2025
$5.4MMultiethnic genomic epigenomic and transcriptomic fine-mapping and functional validation analysis of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder risk lociR01MH125246 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI ROUSSOS, PANAGIOTIS · 2021 to 2025
$5.0MTraining Program in NeuroscienceT32MH087004 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI GEORGE W. HUNTLEY · 2009 to 2026
$4.0M5/7 Psychiatric Genomics Consortium: Finding actionable variationU01MH109514 · NIMH · CARDIFF UNIVERSITY · PI O'DONOVAN, MICHAEL · 2016 to 2020
$2.9MCOVID and Translational Science supercomputer (CATS)S10OD030463 · OD · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI KOVATCH, PATRICIA · 2021 to 2021
$2.0MBig Omics Data Engine 2 SupercomputerS10OD026880 · OD · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI KOVATCH, PATRICIA · 2019 to 2019
$2.0MCharacterizing and targeting subphenotypes of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder via individually imputed tissue and cell-type specific transcriptomesK08MH122911 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI VOLOUDAKIS, GEORGIOS · 2020 to 2023
$770kMedical Research Council MR/L010305/1NIH HHS S10 OD026880NIH HHS S10 OD030463NIMH NIH HHS K08 MH122911NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH124851NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH125246NIMH NIH HHS R37 MH107649NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH087004NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH109514NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH116442
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder with a major genetic component. Here, we present a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of ADHD comprising 38,691 individuals with ADHD and 186,843 controls. We identified 27 genome-wide significant loci, highlighting 76 potential risk genes enriched among genes expressed particularly in early brain development. Overall, ADHD genetic risk was associated with several brain-specific neuronal subtypes and midbrain dopaminergic neurons. In exome-sequencing data from 17,896 individuals, we identified an increased load of rare protein-truncating variants in ADHD for a set of risk genes enriched with probable causal common variants, potentially implicating SORCS3 in ADHD by both common and rare variants. Bivariate Gaussian mixture modeling estimated that 84-98% of ADHD-influencing variants are shared with other psychiatric disorders. In addition, common-variant ADHD risk was associated with impaired complex cognition such as verbal reasoning and a range of executive functions, including attention.
Indexed as
Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityGenome-Wide Association StudyBrainCognitionGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumans
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.