Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36707847›Full record

SynthesisBMC psychiatry2023

Cognitive rehabilitation for improving cognitive functions and reducing the severity of depressive symptoms in adult patients with Major Depressive Disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials.

Saba Mokhtari, Asieh Mokhtari, Farah Bakizadeh, Alireza Moradi, Mohammadreza Shalbafan

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
8.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Review
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  10. The NNDC Road Map for Depression Care and Focused Areas of Research.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Saba MokhtariDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Asieh MokhtariSchool of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Farah BakizadehDepartment of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Alireza MoradiDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Kharrazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammadreza ShalbafanMental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Shalbafan.mr@iums.ac.ir.
Institute for Cognitive Science Studies · IRIran University of Medical Sciences · IRUniversity of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences · IRUniversity of Tehran · IR

Funding

Cognitive Sciences and Technologies Council 10684
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionNearly 40% of patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) have been found to experience cognitive impairment in at least one domain. Cognitive impairment associated with MDD is disproportionately represented in patients that have not fully returned to psychosocial functioning. As awareness regarding cognitive dysfunction in MDD patients grows, so does the interest in developing newer treatments that specifically address these deficits.

methodIn the present study, we conduct a systematic review of controlled randomized clinical trials that used cognitive training and remediation interventions for improving cognitive functions and reducing symptom severity in adult patients with MDD. We selected studies published before March 2022 using search databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google scholar. For conducting the meta-analysis, standard differences in means with the random effect model and with a 95% confidence interval of change in outcome measures from baseline to post-intervention between the cognitive rehabilitation and the control groups were calculated.

resultsThe database search resulted in identifying 756 studies of interest, which ultimately 15 studies with 410 participants in the cognitive rehabilitation group and 339 participants in the control group were included. The meta-analysis of the data extracted from these studies, shows a moderate and significant effect on the executive function (d = 0.59 (95% CI, 0.25 to 0.93) p-value = 0.001, I

conclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that cognitive rehabilitation is an effective intervention for the executive function, verbal learning, and working memory of MDD patients. Due to the importance of these neuropsychological deficits in day-to-day life and the core symptoms of MDD, cognitive rehabilitation should be considered an important part of treating MDD. Further research in this area and concentrated on these particular deficits is warranted.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionMajor Depressive DisorderAdultCognitionCognitive TrainingDepressionExecutive FunctionHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicCognitive FunctionExecutive functionMajor Depressive DisorderMeta-AnalysisSystematic ReviewVerbal learningWorking memory

Identifiers

PMID36707847
PMCPMC9883940
OpenAlexW4318220674

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.