ArticleHealth services research2023
Frontline work and racial disparities in social and economic pandemic stressors during the first COVID-19 surge.
Article in Health services research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Symptom, Functional, and Work Participation Profiles Among Racialized Canadians with Pre-Existing Mental Health Challenges and Long COVID: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Relationships Between Vaccine Knowledge, Hesitancy, and Conspiracy Beliefs on COVID-19, Influenza, and HPV Vaccination.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Trends in medical debt in the United States by imputed borrower race and ethnicity, 2016-2022.Health affairs scholar · 2026Article
- Article
- Where Inequities Emerge: Racial and Ethnic Differences Across the COVID-19 Hospitalization Continuum.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and preference for future delivery among language minority, newcomer, and racialized peoples in Canada: a national cross-sectional and longitudinal study.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Modifiable social and structural factors influence COVID-19 vaccine intention among frontline workers in the Midwestern USA: a community-engaged survey study.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Impacts of COVID-19 shelter in place across key life domains among immigrant farmworker Latina mothers and young adults.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Advancing health equity in the aftermath of COVID-19: Confronting intensifying racial disparities.iScience · 2024Review
- Parental Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake for Children over 5 Years of Age in Texas.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Financial Toxicity among Patients with Breast Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States.Cancers · 2023Article
- Frontline work and racial disparities in social and economic pandemic stressors during the first COVID-19 surge.Health services research · 2023Article
- The RWJF Health Policy Research Scholars: Interdisciplinary leaders advancing health equity.Health services research · 2023Article
- Racial, Ethnic, and Sex-based Disparities among High-risk Individuals Undergoing Pancreatic Cancer Surveillance.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the magnitude of racial-ethnic disparities in pandemic-related social stressors and examine frontline work's moderating relationship on these stressors. DATA SOURCES: Employed Californians' responses to the Institute for Governmental Studies (IGS) poll from April 16-20, 2020, were analyzed. The Pandemic Stressor Scale (PSS) assessed the extent to which respondents experienced or anticipated problems resulting from the inability to pay for basic necessities, job instability, lacking paid sick leave, unavailability of childcare, and reduced wages or work hours due to COVID-19. STUDY
designMixed-effects generalized linear models estimated (1) racial-ethnic disparities in pandemic stressors among workers during the first COVID-19 surge, adjusting for covariates, and (2) tested the interaction between race-ethnicity and frontline worker status, which includes a subset of essential workers who must perform their job on-site, to assess differential associations of frontline work by race-ethnicity. DATA COLLECTION: The IGS poll data from employed workers (n = 4795) were linked to the 2018 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Social Vulnerability Index at the zip code level (N = 1068). PRINCIPAL
findingsThe average PSS score was 37.34 (SD = 30.49). Whites had the lowest PSS score (29.88, SD = 26.52), and Latinxs had the highest (50.74, SD = 32.61). In adjusted analyses, Black frontline workers reported more pandemic-related stressors than White frontline workers (PSS = 47.73 vs. 36.96, p < 0.001). Latinxs reported more pandemic stressors irrespective of frontline worker status. However, the 5.09-point difference between Latinx frontline and non-frontline workers was not statistically different from the 4.6-point disparity between White frontline and non-frontline workers.
conclusionLatinx workers and Black frontline workers disproportionately reported pandemic-related stressors. To reduce stress on frontline workers during crises, worker protections like paid sick leave, universal access to childcare, and improved job security are needed, particularly for those disproportionately affected by structural inequities, such as racially minoritized populations.
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