Evidence mapPaperPMID 36746551Full record

Trial reportBMJ open quality2023

Automatic medication refills to improve glycaemic control among patients with diabetes and low medication adherence.

Anna L Golob, John Geyer, Chatty O'Keeffe, Kaylen Nelson, Cassandra Song, Christopher Vanderwarker, Jacqueline Britton, Ashok Reddy, Edwin Wong, Linnaea Schuttner

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMJ open quality, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Anna L GolobGeneral Medicine Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA Anna.Golob@va.gov.
John GeyerGeneral Medicine Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.
Chatty O'KeeffePatient Care Services, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.
Kaylen NelsonPharmacy Clinical Services, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.
Cassandra SongPharmacy Clinical Services, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.
Christopher VanderwarkerGeneral Medicine Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.
Jacqueline BrittonRehabilitation Services, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.
Ashok ReddyGeneral Medicine Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.
Edwin WongHealth Services Research & Development, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.
Linnaea SchuttnerGeneral Medicine Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.
VA Puget Sound Health Care System · USHealth Services Research & Development · USUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMedication adherence impacts health outcomes. Healthcare organisations implementing system-level interventions have potential for greater spread and sustainability than individual-level interventions. Within the integrated US Veterans Health Administration, a multidisciplinary team developed and evaluated a pilot quality improvement programme to assess the feasibility of automatic mailed prescription refills for patients with diabetes and low medication adherence (assessed by medication possession ratio <80%).

methodsPatients were randomised to usual care with self-initiated refills versus automatic mailed refills for 6 months. Process outcomes included glycaemic control measures (HgbA1C), medication possession ratios for both automatic and self-initiated (reference) refills of medications, patient satisfaction and workforce effort (pharmacist time).

resultsOverall, 199 patients were randomised to automatic refills (n=99; 40 of whom participated) versus usual care (n=100). In multivariable analysis adjusting for baseline differences, after 6 months there was no difference in the proportion of patients with follow-up HgbA1C <8% (60.8% automatic refills vs 60.5% usual care, p=0.96). In the automatic refill group, the medication possession ratio for reference medicines was significantly higher than usual care (63.9% vs 54.5%, 95% CI (for difference) 3.1% to 15.9%, p<0.01).

conclusionsImplications and lessons from this pilot programme include potential beneficial indirect effects from automatic medication refills on patient self-initiated refills of other medications; the importance of tailoring solutions to patient subgroups and specific adherence barriers; and recognition that the rapid deployment, iteration and evaluation of the project was facilitated by a multidisciplinary team embedded within an organisational learning health system.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusGlycemic ControlHumansMedication AdherencePatientschronic disease managementdiabetes mellitusquality improvement

Identifiers

PMID36746551
PMCPMC9906179
OpenAlexW4319312149

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.