Evidence mapPaperPMID 36760588Full record

ReviewDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy2023

Addressing the Continuum of Dysglycaemia and Vascular Complications in Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: Need for Early and Intensive Treatment.

Nadia Ghannam, Saleh Alahmed, Raed Aldahash, Naji Aljohani, Afaf Alshammary, Ashraf Amir, Abdullah Kamal, Said Khader, Mohammed Salah, Hani Shalabi and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. Article
  3. Metabolic stress and age drive inflammation and cognitive decline in mice and humans.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Modern-Day Management of the Dysglycemic Continuum: An Expert Viewpoint from the Arabian Gulf.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.

Nadia GhannamGhannam Clinic, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Saleh AlahmedAlmana Group of Hospitals, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-6236-2686
Raed AldahashMinistry of National Guard (Health Affairs) and King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-9612-4072
Naji AljohaniKing Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Afaf AlshammaryMinistry of National Guard (Health Affairs), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh and King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ashraf AmirFamily Medicine International Medical Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah KamalDallah Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Said KhaderDr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed SalahCairo University, Cairo, Egypt and GNP Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Hani ShalabiUniversity of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed AbdallahMerck Serono Middle East FZ-Ltd, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-7560-9449
Ahmed ElboghdadyMerck Serono Middle East FZ-Ltd, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences · SACairo University · EGDammam Central Hospital · SAKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center · SAKing Fahd Medical City · SASulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges · SAUniversity of Jeddah · SA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The onset of type 2 diabetes increases the risk of vascular complications and death. We know now that that this risk begins long before the diabetes diagnosis. Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes are not separate entities in practice and exist within a continuum of dysglycaemia and vascular risk that increases in severity over time. This excess risk requires early intervention with lifestyle therapy supported with pharmacologic antidiabetic therapy, intensified promptly where necessary throughout the duration of the diabetes continuum. Metformin is an evidence-based treatment for preventing prediabetes and improves cardiovascular outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes from diagnosis onwards. Newer agents (SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists) are appropriate for people presenting with type 2 diabetes and significant cardiovascular comorbidity. Additional therapies should be used without delay to achieve patients' individualised HbA1c goals and to minimise cardiovascular risk.

Indexed as

antidiabetic therapydiabetes complicationsprediabetestype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID36760588
PMCPMC9844108
OpenAlexW4319826223

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.