Evidence mapPaperPMID 36765980Full record

ReviewFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2023

Nutritional Profile of Commercialized Plant-Based Meat: An Integrative Review with a Systematic Approach.

Bernardo Romão, Raquel Braz Assunção Botelho, Maria Luiza Torres, Dayanne da Costa Maynard, Maria Eduarda Machado de Holanda, Vinícius Ruela Pereira Borges, António Raposo, Renata Puppin Zandonadi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Plant-based analogues to meat and dairy for sustainable food systems.The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Bernardo RomãoDepartment of Nutrition, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-5257-2586
Raquel Braz Assunção BotelhoDepartment of Nutrition, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-0369-287X
Maria Luiza TorresFaculty of Health Sciences, University Center of Brasilia (CEUB), Brasília 70790-075, Brazil.
Dayanne da Costa MaynardFaculty of Health Sciences, University Center of Brasilia (CEUB), Brasília 70790-075, Brazil.
Maria Eduarda Machado de HolandaDepartment of Computer Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.
Vinícius Ruela Pereira BorgesDepartment of Computer Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.
António RaposoCBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-5286-2249
Renata Puppin ZandonadiDepartment of Nutrition, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-0370-3089

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Given the high cost of production of animal-based meats and the increase in the number of adepts of meatless diets, the need for plant-based meat substitutes is growing. In this prosperously growing market, there is a lack of knowledge about the nutritional value of these meat substitutes and their ingredients. This study aims to review the nutritional composition and ingredients of meat substitutes commercialized worldwide. An integrative review was performed with a systematic literature search in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and 11 studies were selected to compose the sample of this review. Data on meat substitutes' nutritional composition and ingredients from different categories were collected and analyzed. The results showed that meat substitutes commonly present lower energy values and higher amounts of carbohydrates and dietary fiber. Protein values varied according to the meat substitute category, with some showing a higher concentration than others, more specifically in substitutes for bovine meat. Higher values were found in the Pieces category and lower in Seafood substitutes. Unlike animal meat, vegan meat has a proportion of carbohydrates higher than protein in most samples, except for chicken substitutes. Meat substitutes presented similar total and saturated fat content compared to their animal-based counterparts. Higher amounts of fat were found in the "Various" category and lower in "Pieces". Ingredients such as soy, pea, and wheat were the primary protein sources in meat substitutes, and vegetable oils were their primary fat source. Methylcellulose, various gums, and flavorings were the most used food additives. In general, meat substitutes presented high concentrations of sodium, possibly collaborating with an excessive sodium intake, highlighting the need for developing sodium-reduced or sodium-free alternatives. Most of the included samples did not describe the concentration of iron, zinc, and vitamin B12. Further studies are needed to develop meat substitutes with better nutritional composition, fulfilling the need for equivalent substitutes for animal-based meat.

Indexed as

ingredientsmeat substitutesnutritional compositionplant-based

Identifiers

PMID36765980
PMCPMC9914738

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.