ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Relationships between Depression, Fear of Childbirth, and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms among Pregnant Women under the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan.
Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Maternal Inner Strength Mediates the Longitudinal Association Between Family Emotional Expression and Fear of Childbirth: A Cross-Lagged Panel Mediation Analysis.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Association of fear of childbirth and postpartum depression with perceived partner response during pregnancy.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Psychometric Validation of the Portuguese Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (PT-OCS).Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Little is known about the causality of antenatal depression (AND). We focused on the causal relationships between AND, fear of childbirth (FOC), and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. We also examined whether the perceived threat of COVID-19 is associated with AND. Participants were recruited for an Internet survey conducted in December 2020. A total of 245 pregnant women completed the online survey at 12 to 15 weeks' gestational age (Time 1) and approximately 10 weeks later (Time 2). AND was estimated using the first two diagnostic items of Major Depressive Episode. The estimated prevalence of AND was 4.5% and 2.9% at Time 1 and Time 2, respectively. At both time points, no association was found between AND and the perception of COVID-19 threat. Structural equation modeling showed that AND predicted OCS (β = 0.16,
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