ArticleBMC public health2023
Socioeconomic inequalities in diabetes prevalence: the case of South Africa between 2003 and 2016.
Article in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- From local challenges to local solutions: Insights from the 2025 Diabetes Summit Innovation Showcase.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Characteristics of Patients with Pressure Ulcers at a Tertiary Hospital in the Eastern Cape, South Africa.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence of chronic non-communicable disease risk factors in the DIMAMO health and demographic surveillance system.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Dual PTP1B/DPP4 Inhibitory Potential ofComputational and structural biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Diabetes knowledge levels among patients in Mhlontlo, South Africa: A quantitative study.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2025Article
- Recovery time of diabetic ketoacidosis in Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Metabolism open · 2025Article
- Exploring patients' understanding of behavioral risk factors for non-communicable diseases: a study on diabetes and hypertension in Bushbuckridge, South Africa.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and socioeconomic factors of diabetes: a population-based cross-sectional analysis from Jordan.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Dry eye: A hospital-based sociodemographic, risk and clinical classification profile.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2025Article
- Modelling the potential impact of a tax on fruit juice in South Africa: implications for the primary prevention of type 2 diabetes and health financing.BMC nutrition · 2024Article
- Article
- Health disparities and inequalities in prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- A critical review on diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 management approaches: from lifestyle modification to current and novel targets and therapeutic agents.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Association of Dietary Changes with Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes among Older Adults in Sharpeville, South Africa, from 2004 to 2014.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Self-Management of Diabetes and Associated Factors among Patients Seeking Chronic Care in Tshwane, South Africa: A Facility-Based Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Social Determinants Influencing Access to Home Delivery of Medication During the COVID-19 Pandemic for Cape Town Residents Living With Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDiabetes is a growing epidemic worldwide and the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) is frequently acknowledged in the literature. This study aims to compare the effect of SES on diabetes prevalence in South Africa between 2003 and 2016. In addition, vulnerable groups regarding diabetes development in 2016 will be identified.
methodsUsing DHS data there were 8,006 participants (59.19% women) in 2003 and 10,292 participants (59.42% women) in 2016. Logistic regression and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for diabetes by age, gender, educational level and place of residence. To identify vulnerable groups with high risk of developing diabetes in 2016, the method of p-value based regression tree analysis was applied using "wealth index" and "weight perception" as additional variables.
resultsThere was an increase in diabetes prevalence from 3.86% in 2003 to 4.46% in 2016. Women had more risk of developing diabetes at both time points (27% in 2003 and 24% in 2016 more risk). Increase in age and living in urban areas were associated with more risk of developing diabetes at both time points. There was no specific pattern regarding risk of developing diabetes and educational level in case of women. However, men who completed secondary school or had a higher diploma or above had more risk of developing diabetes in 2016 (OR = 2.24 and 4.67 respectively). Vulnerable groups who have higher risk of developing diabetes in 2016 were participants aged "60 years or older" with a wealth index of "rich" or "richer", followed by participants from the same age group who were "poor" or "poorer" and participants aged "40-59 years" with a wealth index of "rich" or "richer". Subsequently were participants from the age group "15-39 years" with a weight perception of "overweight" or "obese".
conclusionDiabetes prevalence increased in South Africa between 2003 and 2016. Main risk factors were age, gender and living in urban areas. Men with high educational level were more at risk of developing diabetes in 2016. Vulnerable groups in 2016 were participants 40 years and older, particularly with high SES. This was followed by younger participants who were obese or overweight.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.