ArticleNeuropeptides2023
Sex-dimorphic hindbrain lactate regulation of ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus glucoregulatory neuron 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase activity and transmitter marker protein expression.
Article in Neuropeptides, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hindbrain Lactoprivic Regulation of Hypothalamic Third Ventricular Alpha-2 Tanycyte Metabolic Sensor Gene Expression in Hypoglycemic Male Versus Female Rats.Neurochemical research · 2025Article
- Aging Effects on Absolute and Relative Estrogen Receptor Variant Gene Expression Levels in Male Versus Female Rat Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Neurons.Journal of integrative neuroscience · 2025Article
- Sex-dependent endozepinergic regulation of ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus glucose counter-regulatory neuron aromatase protein expression in the adult rat.Journal of chemical neuroanatomy · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe oxidizable glycolytic end-product L-lactate is a gauge of nerve cell metabolic fuel stability that metabolic-sensory hindbrain A2 noradrenergic neurons impart to the brain glucose-regulatory network. Current research investigated the premise that hindbrain lactate deficiency exerts sex-specific control of energy sensor and transmitter marker protein responses to hypoglycemia in ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN) glucose-regulatory nitrergic and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons.
methodsNitric oxide synthase (nNOS)- or glutamate decarboxylase
resultsHindbrain lactate repletion reversed hypoglycemia-associated augmentation (males) or inhibition (females) of nitrergic neuron nNOS expression, and prevented up-regulation of phosphorylated AMPK 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK) expression in those neurons. Hypoglycemic suppression of GABAergic neuron GAD protein was averted by exogenous lactate over the rostro-caudal length of the male VMN and in the middle region of the female VMN. Lactate normalized GABA neuron pAMPK profiles in hypoglycemic male (caudal VMN) and female (all VMN segments) rats. Hypoglycemic patterns of norepinephrine (NE) signaling were lactate-dependent throughout the male VMN, but confined to the rostral and middle female VMN.
conclusionsResults document, in each sex, regional VMN glucose-regulatory transmitter responses to hypoglycemia that are controlled by hindbrain lactate status. Hindbrain metabolic-sensory regulation of hypoglycemia-correlated nitric oxide or GABA release may entail AMPK-dependent mechanisms in specific VMN rostro-caudal segments in each sex. Additional effort is required to examine the role of hindbrain lactoprivic-sensitive VMN neurotransmitters in lactate-mediated attenuation of hypoglycemic hyperglucagonemia and hypercorticosteronemia in male and female rats.
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