Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36794741›Full record

ArticleBMJ open ophthalmology2022

Quantifying burden of intravitreal injections: questionnaire assessment of life impact of treatment by intravitreal injections (QUALITII).

Rui Wang, Cynthia K McClard, Stephen Laswell, Raziyeh Mahmoudzadeh, Mirataollah Salabati, Michael Ammar, Jordyn Vannavong, Aamir A Aziz, Amy Ewald, Allison V Calvanese and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open ophthalmology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  6. Article
  7. Observational
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  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Optic Nerve Head Structural Changes After Intravitreal Injection.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025
    Article
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  14. Article
  15. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Rui WangOphthalmology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0900-7714
Cynthia K McClardOphthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
Stephen LaswellRetina Consultants of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA.
Raziyeh MahmoudzadehMid Atlantic Retina Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5818-9083
Mirataollah SalabatiMid Atlantic Retina Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8654-2876
Michael AmmarMid Atlantic Retina Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Jordyn VannavongSierra Eye Associates, Reno, Nevada, USA.
Aamir A AzizUniversity of Nevada Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA.
Amy EwaldRetina Vitreous Associates of Florida, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA.
Allison V CalvaneseRetina Vitreous Associates of Florida, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA.
Erik B LehmanDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Penn State Health Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
Sagit FriedBen-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Victoria WindhamNeurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Adriana StruttNeurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Namrata SarojAll Eyes Consulting, LLC, New York, New York, USA.
Arshad Mohammad KhananiSierra Eye Associates, Reno, Nevada, USA.
David A EichenbaumRetina Vitreous Associates of Florida, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0654-0668
Carl RegilloMid Atlantic Retina Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Charles Clifton WykoffRetina Consultants of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA ccwmd@houstonretina.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo quantify the areas of burden experienced by patients requiring repeated intravitreal injections (IVI) in the management of exudative retinal diseases.

methodsThe validated Questionnaire to Assess Life Impact of Treatment by Intravitreal Injections survey was administered to patients at four retina clinical practices across four US states. The primary outcome measure was Treatment Burden Score (TBS), a single score assessing overall burden.

resultsOf 1416 (n=657 age-related macular degeneration; n=360 diabetic macular oedema/diabetic retinopathy; n=221 retinal vein occlusion; n=178 other/uncertain) patients, 55% were women with an average age of 70 years. Patients most frequently reported receiving IVI every 4-5 weeks (40%). The mean TBS was 16.1±9.2 (range 1-48; scale of 1-54), and the TBS was higher in patients with diabetic macular oedema and/or diabetic retinopathy (DMO/DR) (17.1) compared with those with age-related macular degeneration (15.5) or retinal venous occlusive (15.3) (p=0.028). Though the mean level of discomfort was quite low (1.86) (scale 0-6), 50% of patients reported experiencing side effects more than half of the visits. Patients having received fewer than 5 IVI reported higher mean anxiety levels before (p=0.026), during (p=0.050) and after (p=0.016) treatment compared with patients having received more than 50 IVI. After the procedure, 42% of patients reported restrictions from usual activities due to discomfort. Patients reported a high mean satisfaction rating of 5.46 (scale 0-6) with the care of their diseases.

conclusionsThe mean TBS was moderate and highest among patients with DMO/DR. Patients with more total injections reported lower levels of discomfort and anxiety but higher disruption to daily life. Despite the challenges related to IVI, the overall satisfaction with treatment remained high.

Indexed as

Diabetic RetinopathyMacular DegenerationMacular EdemaRetinal DiseasesAgedFemaleHumansIntravitreal InjectionsMaleRetinaTreatment other

Identifiers

PMID36794741
PMCPMC9764643

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.