ArticleClinical and experimental medicine2023
Predictive significance of HIF-1α, Snail, and PD-L1 expression in breast cancer.
Article in Clinical and experimental medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lack of cytoplasmic expression of a new marker programmed cell death ligand-1 in tumor cells is significant.World journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Concordance of programmed death-ligand 1 expression assessments determinedWorld journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Hypoxia-inducible factors in breast cancer: prognostic indicators and emerging biomarkers: narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Post-transarterial chemoembolization hypoxia-induced HIF-1α/WNT/β-catenin signaling promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via programed death ligand 1 upregulation.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Currently, the prediction of breast cancer (BC) effectiveness to drug treatment is based on determining the expression level of steroid hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2). However, significant differences in individual response to drug treatment require the search for new predictive markers. Here, by comprehensively examining HIF-1α, Snail, and PD-L1 expression in BC tumor tissue, we demonstrate that high levels of these markers correlate with unfavorable factors of BC prognosis: the presence of regional and distant metastases and lymphovascular and perineural invasion. Analyzing the predictive significance of markers, we show that the most significant predictors of chemoresistant HER2-negative BC are a high PD-L1 level and a low Snail level, while in HER2-positive BC, only a high PD-L1 level is an independent predictor of chemoresistant BC. Our results suggest that using immune checkpoint inhibitors in these groups of patients may improve drug therapy effectiveness.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.