Observational studyDiabetes care2023
Initiation of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Is Linked to Improved Glycemic Control and Fewer Clinical Events in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in the Veterans Health Administration.
Observational study in Diabetes care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preexisting Diabetes and Pregnancy: An Endocrine Society and European Society of Endocrinology Joint Clinical Practice Guideline.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Guideline
- Digital phenotyping of CGM engagement reveals distinct glycemic outcomes.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Primary Care-Initiated Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Insulin-Treated Diabetes.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Continuous glucose monitoring and risks of acute and chronic diabetes-related complications and mortality in adults with type 1 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Discharge Remote Monitoring Systems for Glycemic Management After Hospital Discharge.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2026Article
- Challenges and Opportunities for Improving Care for Type 1 Diabetes in Older Adulthood.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Performance of three simultaneously used rtCGM systems around a physically active weekend camp in adults with type 1 diabetes: A prospective lab and real-world study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Navigating Continuous Glucose Monitoring Adoption: Insights From Hispanic Adults With Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Article
- Effect of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Following Hospital Discharge of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Comment on: Editor's Note on Clin-STAR Corner: Practice-Changing Advances in Diabetes Care.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2025Article
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Insulin-Treated Older Adults With Diabetes and Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Clinical perspectives of new insights and tools to minimize the hypoglycaemia burden connected with type 2 diabetes pharmacotherapy.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Hemoglobin A1c time-in-range, mortality, and diabetes complications in older adults with diabetes.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2025Observational
- Who is using continuous glucose monitoring for type 2 diabetes management? A scoping review protocol.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Initiation of Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring Metrics Predict All-Cause Mortality in Diabetes: A Real-world Long-term Study.Diabetes care · 2025Article
- Clin-STAR Corner: Practice Changing Advances in Diabetes Care.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2025Review
- New Technologies for Blood Glucose Management in Elderly Diabetics: An Interpretation of theAging medicine (Milton (N.S.W)) · 2025Review
- Temporal Glycemic Patterns in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: Insights From Extended Continuous Glucose Monitoring.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Article
- Racial and ethnic disparities in children and adults in the usage of continuous glucose monitors: a scoping review protocol.BMJ open · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the benefit of starting continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in adult-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) with regard to longer-term glucose control and serious clinical events. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsA retrospective observational cohort study within the Veterans Affairs Health Care System was used to compare glucose control and hypoglycemia- or hyperglycemia-related admission to an emergency room or hospital and all-cause hospitalization between propensity score overlap weighted initiators of CGM and nonusers over 12 months.
resultsCGM users receiving insulin (n = 5,015 with T1D and n = 15,706 with T2D) and similar numbers of nonusers were identified from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2020. Declines in HbA1c were significantly greater in CGM users with T1D (-0.26%; 95% CI -0.33, -0.19%) and T2D (-0.35%; 95% CI -0.40, -0.31%) than in nonusers at 12 months. Percentages of patients achieving HbA1c <8 and <9% after 12 months were greater in CGM users. In T1D, CGM initiation was associated with significantly reduced risk of hypoglycemia (hazard ratio [HR] 0.69; 95% CI 0.48, 0.98) and all-cause hospitalization (HR 0.75; 95% CI 0.63, 0.90). In patients with T2D, there was a reduction in risk of hyperglycemia in CGM users (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77, 0.99) and all-cause hospitalization (HR 0.89; 95% CI 0.83, 0.97). Several subgroups (based on baseline age, HbA1c, hypoglycemic risk, or follow-up CGM use) had even greater responses.
conclusionsIn a large national cohort, initiation of CGM was associated with sustained improvement in HbA1c in patients with later-onset T1D and patients with T2D using insulin. This was accompanied by a clear pattern of reduced risk of admission to an emergency room or hospital for hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia and of all-cause hospitalization.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.