SynthesisDiabetes care2023
Combination of Multiple Low-Risk Lifestyle Behaviors and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.
Synthesis in Diabetes care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- An evidence-based assessment of the nutritional recommendations for the prevention of diabetes mellitus.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2025Pooled it
- Prediabetes in adult Saudis: a systematic review & meta-analysis of prevalence studies (2000-2024).PeerJ · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Nut Consumption on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Lifestyle Intervention With Smartphone App and isCGM for People at High Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Randomized Trial.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Trial
- Lifestyle Combination Patterns as Key Modifiable Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk among Middle-Aged Korean Men.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2026Article
- Healthy lifestyle and related metabolomic signatures associated with decreased risk and delayed progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus transitions: a large prospective cohort study.Acta diabetologica · 2026Article
- Lipid Metabolic Disorders: a Pivotal Driver in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Association and risk prediction of 19 complex diseases with polygenic scores and socioeconomic status.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) to understand how obesity risk varies according to multiple lifestyle behavior recommendations.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- Association between body weight time in target range and risk of type 2 diabetes in adults with obesity.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Complications.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026Review
- Article
- The association of incident abdominal obesity with diet and unfavorable lifestyle factors in Korean adults: A prospective cohort study.Medicine · 2026Observational
- The impact of polygenic score and socioeconomic status in predicting risk for 19 complex diseases.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- A machine learning approach for type 2 diabetes diagnosis and prognosis using tailored heterogeneous feature subsets.Medical & biological engineering & computing · 2025Article
- Prospective association of a Lifestyle Risk Factor Index with type 2 diabetes in the Multiethnic Cohort.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Effect of Physical Activity and Dietary Changes on Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Case-Control Study in Bangladesh.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025Article
- Clinical value of serum miR-214-3p expression in the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediction of its chronic complications.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Association of spontaneous abortion and lifestyle with diabetes mellitus in women: a cross-sectional study in UK Biobank.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Trends in adverse pregnancy outcomes in Louisiana, 2017 to 2022.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveCombined low-risk lifestyle behaviors (LRLBs) have been associated with a reduction in type 2 diabetes risk. This relationship has not been systematically quantified. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association of combined LRLBs with type 2 diabetes. Databases were searched up to September 2022. Prospective cohort studies reporting the association between a minimum of three combined LRLBs (including healthy diet) with incident type 2 diabetes were included. Independent reviewers extracted data and assessed study quality. Risk estimates of extreme comparisons were pooled using a random-effects model. Global dose-response meta-analysis (DRM) for maximum adherence was estimated using a one-stage linear mixed model. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations).
resultsThirty cohort comparisons (n = 1,693,753) involving 75,669 incident type 2 diabetes cases were included. LRLBs, with author-defined ranges, were healthy body weight, healthy diet, regular exercise, smoking abstinence or cessation, and light alcohol consumption. LRLBs were associated with 80% lower risk of type 2 diabetes (relative risk [RR] 0.20; 95% CI 0.17-0.23), comparing the highest with lowest adherence. Global DRM for maximum adherence to all five LRLBs reached 85% protection (RR 0.15; 95% CI 0.12-0.18). The overall certainty of the evidence was graded as high.
conclusionsThere is a very good indication that a combination of LRLBs that includes maintaining a healthy bodyweight, healthy diet, regular exercise, smoking abstinence or cessation, and light alcohol consumption is associated with a lower risk of incident type 2 diabetes.
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Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.