ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
Galectins as pivotal components in oncogenesis and immune exclusion in human malignancies.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Nanobody-based characterization of Galectin-13 reveals immunomodulatory and tumor-promoting functions.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Galectin-3-A Multifunctional Molecule and a Key Player in Health and Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Selective Nanobody-Derived Minibodies Targeting Galectin-1 and -7 Reveal Non-Redundant Glyco-Immune Functions and Therapeutic Potential in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- The role of galectins in modulating the tumor microenvironment and driving metastasis in skin cancers.Biological research · 2026Review
- Colon Adenocarcinoma Cell-Derived Galectins-1,3 Modulate Differentiation of CD4Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2026Article
- Abnormal Galectin Signaling in the Pathomechanisms of Placental Dysfunction in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Drug resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia: the involvement of Galectin-1 and Galectin-3.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Disorder of the immune and inflammatory response involving galectin-1, -3 and -7 in women with invasive breast cancer - potential importance in diagnosis and monitoring the course of the disease.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Galectin-9-An Emerging Glyco-Immune Checkpoint Target for Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- The Immunomodulatory Role of Galectin-1 in the Tumour Microenvironment and Strategies for Therapeutic Applications.Cancers · 2025Review
- Research progress of galectins in glioma.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Development of Galectin-7-Specific Nanobodies: Implications for Immunotherapy and Molecular Imaging in Cancer.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Breast cancer scoring based on a multiplexed profiling of soluble and cell-associated (immune) markers facilitates the prediction of pembrolizumab therapy.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies IRF1 and TFAP4 as transcriptional regulators of Galectin-9 in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Science advances · 2025Article
- Identifying MTHFD1 and LGALS4 as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Prostate Cancer Through Multi-Omics Mendelian Randomization Analysis.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- It's about TIME - Gal-9 as a potential immunotherapeutic target in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The gene signature linked to lactate metabolism predicts the prognosis and correlates with the immune status of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Galectins are galactoside-binding proteins, exerting numerous functions inside and outside the cell, particularly conferring adaptation to stress factors. For most of them, aberrant expression profiles have been reported in the context of cancer. Albeit not being oncogenic drivers, galectins can be harnessed to exacerbate the malignant phenotype. Their impact on disease establishment and progression is not limited to making cancer cells resistant to apoptosis, but is prominent in the context of the tumor microenvironment, where it fosters angiogenesis, immune escape and exclusion. This review focuses mainly on Gal-1, Gal-3 and Gal-9 for which the involvement in cancer biology is best known. It presents the types of galectin dysregulations, attempts to explain the mechanisms behind them and analyzes the different ways in which they favor tumour growth. In an era where tumour resistance to immunotherapy appears as a major challenge, we highlight the crucial immunosuppressive roles of galectins and the potential therapeutic benefits of combinatorial approaches including galectin inhibition.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.