ArticleJournal of substance use and addiction treatment2023
Fatal and nonfatal opioid overdose risk following release from prison: A retrospective cohort study using linked administrative data.
Article in Journal of substance use and addiction treatment, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug use among people in prison: A global review of epidemiology, harms and interventions.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Implementation of Jail and Prison-Based Medication Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder Programs: A Narrative Synthesis.Medical care research and review : MCRR · 2025Pooled it
- Examining use of telehealth in jails: linking women to community OUD services.BMC women's health · 2024Trial
- Stakeholder Perspectives on Long-Acting Injectable PrEP and MOUD: A Descriptive Qualitative Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Community supervision during Oregon's partial decriminalization Measure 110: Criminal legal system involvement, overdose, and naloxone access.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Article
- Left Behind in Electronic Access: Control Over Personal Health Information While Incarcerated.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- How survivors of exploitation who use drugs navigate systems of care: an analysis of survivor insights using the intersectional risk environment.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Drug use vs. abstinence after incarceration: associations with competing psychosocial needs and their relevance to the importance of treatment.Health & justice · 2026Article
- "Another one bite the dust-It happens so much in Black neighborhoods": Structural barriers and grassroots resources among Black men who use drugs facing fentanyl-era overdose and treatment disparities.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2026Article
- Linkage to Substance Use Disorder Treatment Through Syringe Services Programs and the Criminal Legal System: A Cross-Sectional Study.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Beyond fatalities: widening the lens on prescription-opioid harm and digital early-warning systems.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Considerations for Collecting Public Health Data on Justice-System Involvement.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) · 2026Article
- Navigating reentry: a qualitative analysis of health system engagement among adults with chronic health conditions after release from prison.Justice, opportunities, and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- A Model and Descriptive Case Example for Partnered Implementation Playbook Development.Global implementation research and applications · 2026Article
- Article
- Perceived impacts of medications for opioid use disorder implementation on mental health services and substance use counseling in carceral settings: qualitative findings from 13 Massachusetts jails.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2025Article
- Intersection of Structural Conditions that Contribute to Healthcare Access After Release from Prison: Qualitative Findings from the SCHARP Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of naloxone in carceral settings: a scoping review.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Allocative efficiency of opioid overdose prevention strategies for people incarcerated in New Jersey.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAmong individuals who are released from prison, opioid overdose is a leading cause of death with a risk more than ten-fold the general population. Although the epidemiology of opioid-related fatalities has been described, few studies have characterized both fatal and nonfatal opioid-related poisonings. The objective of this study was to estimate risk of fatal and nonfatal opioid overdose among adults released from prison.
methodsThe study estimated fatal and nonfatal opioid overdose rates using linked corrections, Medicaid, hospital discharge, and vital statistics from the state of Oregon from 2014 to 2018. Multivariable proportional hazards models identified demographic and prison-related factors associated with overdose.
resultsBetween 2014 and 2017, 18,258 individuals were released from prison. A majority of individuals were male (87 %) and ages 26 to 64 (83 %). Two-thirds had a documented substance use disorder treatment need and 20 % demonstrated mental health treatment need. Following prison release, 579 opioid overdose events occurred; 65 (11 %) were fatal. The rate of opioid overdose was 1085.7 per 100,000 person-years (PY). Rates were highest in the first two weeks (2286.7 per 100,000 PY), among women (1582.9 per 100,000 PY), and those with mental health (1624.3 per 100,000 PY) or substance use disorder treatment needs (1382.6 per 100,100 PY). Only mental health (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.54, 95 % CI 1.24 to 1.90) and substance use need (aHR 2.59; 95 % CI 2.01 to 3.34) remained significant in multivariable models.
conclusionsThe rate of opioid overdose is markedly elevated after prison release, particularly in the first two weeks. In women, the higher rate of opioid overdose is mediated by a greater mental health burden.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.