Evidence mapPaperPMID 36845048Full record

ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2023

Low and high carbohydrate isocaloric diets on performance, fat oxidation, glucose and cardiometabolic health in middle age males.

Philip J Prins, Timothy D Noakes, Alex Buga, Dominic P D'Agostino, Jeff S Volek, Jeffrey D Buxton, Kara Heckman, Dalton W Jones, Naomi E Tobias, Holly M Grose and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
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  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Does a low-carbohydrate diet impede endurance sports performance? Yes.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026
    Review
  9. Does a low-carbohydrate diet impede endurance sports performance? No.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Dietary Intake of Canadian Middle-Aged Endurance Athletes.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. International society of sports nutrition position stand: ketogenic diets.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2024
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Philip J PrinsDepartment of Exercise Science, Grove City College, Grove City, PA, United States.
Timothy D NoakesDepartment of Medical and Wellness Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa.
Alex BugaDepartment of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Dominic P D'AgostinoDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.
Jeff S VolekDepartment of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Jeffrey D BuxtonDepartment of Exercise Science, Grove City College, Grove City, PA, United States.
Kara HeckmanNebraska Methodist Health System, Omaha, NE, United States.
Dalton W JonesDepartment of Exercise Science, Grove City College, Grove City, PA, United States.
Naomi E TobiasDepartment of Exercise Science, Grove City College, Grove City, PA, United States.
Holly M GroseDepartment of Exercise Science, Grove City College, Grove City, PA, United States.
Anna K JenkinsDepartment of Exercise Science, Grove City College, Grove City, PA, United States.
Kelli T JancayDepartment of Exercise Science, Grove City College, Grove City, PA, United States.
Andrew P KoutnikHuman Healthspan, Resilience, and Performance, Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High carbohydrate, low fat (HCLF) diets have been the predominant nutrition strategy for athletic performance, but recent evidence following multi-week habituation has challenged the superiority of HCLF over low carbohydrate, high fat (LCHF) diets, along with growing interest in the potential health and disease implications of dietary choice. Highly trained competitive middle-aged athletes underwent two 31-day isocaloric diets (HCLF or LCHF) in a randomized, counterbalanced, and crossover design while controlling calories and training load. Performance, body composition, substrate oxidation, cardiometabolic, and 31-day minute-by-minute glucose (CGM) biomarkers were assessed. We demonstrated: (i) equivalent high-intensity performance (@∼85%VO

Indexed as

carbohydrate oxidationfat oxidationhigh-carbohydratehigh fat dietlow-carbohydrateprediabetes

Identifiers

PMID36845048
PMCPMC9946985

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.