ReviewVaccines2023
Aspects of Phage-Based Vaccines for Protein and Epitope Immunization.
Review in Vaccines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virus-like particles in cancer immunotherapy: bridging human and veterinary medicine through one health.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Review
- CRISPR-Cpf1-Mediated T4 Phage Genome Editing for One-Step In Vivo Display of Heterologous Protein.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Phage-induced protection against lethal bacterial reinfection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- [Phage therapeutics and pharmaceutical legislation: classification, manufacture, placing on the market, and application].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2025Article
- A virus based vaccine combined with IL12 gene therapy eradicates aggressive melanoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Estimating the best PCSK9 vaccine design for atherosclerosis based on mouse models: A frequentist network meta-analysis.Global cardiology science & practice · 2025Article
- Advances in the Functionalization of Vaccine Delivery Systems: Innovative Strategies and Translational Perspectives.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Bacteriophages as Targeted Therapeutic Vehicles: Challenges and Opportunities.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Foot-and-mouth disease: genomic and proteomic structure, antigenic sites, serotype relationships, immune evasion, recent vaccine development strategies, and future perspectives.Veterinary research · 2025Review
- A Lambda-evo (λApplied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Advancing Phage Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of the Safety, Efficacy, and Future Prospects for the Targeted Treatment of Bacterial Infections.Infectious disease reports · 2024Review
- Recent Advances and Mechanisms of Phage-Based Therapies in Cancer Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Advanced Vibrational Spectroscopy and Bacteriophages Team Up: Dynamic Synergy for Medical and Environmental Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Bacteriophages-Dangerous Viruses Acting Incognito or Underestimated Saviors in the Fight against Bacteria?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Bacteriophages and their unique components provide limitless resources for exploitation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Epitopes and Mimotopes Identification Using Phage Display for Vaccine Development against Infectious Pathogens.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Because vaccine development is a difficult process, this study reviews aspects of phages as vaccine delivery vehicles through a literature search. The results demonstrated that because phages have adjuvant properties and are safe for humans and animals, they are an excellent vaccine tool for protein and epitope immunization. The phage genome can easily be manipulated to display antigens or create DNA vaccines. Additionally, they are easy to produce on a large scale, which lowers their manufacturing costs. They are stable under various conditions, which can facilitate their transport and storage. However, no medicine regulatory agency has yet authorized phage-based vaccines despite the considerable preclinical data confirming their benefits. The skeptical perspective of phages should be overcome because humans encounter bacteriophages in their environment all the time without suffering adverse effects. The lack of clinical trials, endotoxin contamination, phage composition, and long-term negative effects are some obstacles preventing the development of phage vaccines. However, their prospects should be promising because phages are safe in clinical trials; they have been authorized as a food additive to avoid food contamination and approved for emergency use in phage therapy against difficult-to-treat antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therefore, this encourages the use of phages in vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.