ReviewViruses2023
Human Coronavirus OC43 as a Low-Risk Model to Study COVID-19.
Review in Viruses, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracts fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Inhibition of RNA splicing is a novel therapeutic strategy for disruption of nuclear replicating viruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Identification of Anti-Viral Compounds fromJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- OC43 clinical isolate spike proteins have distinct carbohydrate-binding properties.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Pandemic-driven immune imprinting accelerates evolution of human coronavirus OC43.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Efficacy of Mouthwashes Delivered via Dental Unit Waterlines in Reducing Aerosolized Surrogate SARS-CoV-2.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- Integrated UHPLC-QTOF-MS, Network Pharmacology, and Experimental Validation Reveal the Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Xiaoer Fengreqing Against COVID-19-Associated Encephalitis.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- A dual-reporter HCoV-OC43 for coronavirus biology and countermeasure development.Antiviral research · 2025Article
- Human coronavirus OC43 infection in human cerebral organoids: novel insights on pathogenesis and potential therapeutic interventions.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Article
- Contemporary seasonal human coronaviruses display differences in cellular tropism compared to laboratory-adapted reference strains.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Hypoxia Exacerbates Inflammatory Signaling in Human Coronavirus OC43-Infected Lung Epithelial Cells.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- 4-Hydroxychalcone Inhibits Human Coronavirus HCoV-OC43 by Targeting EGFR/AKT/ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway.Viruses · 2025Article
- In vitro evaluation and phytochemical analysis of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. against human coronavirus OC43.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Luteolin-7-O-glucoside from Elsholtzia ciliata extract inhibits the replication of coronavirus.PloS one · 2025Article
- Utilizing HCoV-OC43 to better understand the neurological impact of COVID-19.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- The Effects of Different Respiratory Viruses on the Oxidative Stress Marker Levels in an In Vitro Model: A Pilot Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Comparative study of the propagation and plaque titration conditions for human coronavirus OC43 as a surrogate for SARS-CoV-2.Archives of virology · 2024Article
- Mantis: High-throughput 4D imaging and analysis of the molecular and physical architecture of cells.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- A BSL-2 compliant mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 infection for efficient and convenient antiviral evaluation.Journal of virology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had irreversible and devastating impacts on every aspect of human life. To better prepare for the next similar pandemic, a clear understanding of coronavirus biology is a prerequisite. Nevertheless, the high-risk nature of the causative agent of COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), requires the use of a cumbersome biosafety level-3 (BSL-3) confinement facility. To facilitate the development of preventive and therapeutic measures against SARS-CoV-2, one of the endemic strains of low-risk coronaviruses has gained attention as a useful research alternative: human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43). In this review, its history, classification, and clinical manifestations are first summarized. The characteristics of its viral genomes, genes, and evolution process are then further explained. In addition, the host factors necessary to support the life cycle of HCoV-OC43 and the innate, as well as adaptive, immunological responses to HCoV-OC43 infection are discussed. Finally, the development of in vitro and in vivo systems to study HCoV-OC43 and its application to the discovery of potential antivirals for COVID-19 by using HCoV-OC43 models are also presented. This review should serve as a concise guide for those who wish to use HCoV-OC43 to study coronaviruses in a low-risk research setting.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.