ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2023
The nonlinear correlation between the cardiometabolic index and the risk of diabetes: A retrospective Japanese cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
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43 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between cardiometabolic index and primary hypothyroidism: A cross-sectional study based the NHANES (2007-2012).Medicine · 2026Article
- Association between cardiometabolic index and major adverse cardio-cerebral events and all-cause mortality in patients with degenerative aortic stenosis: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Triglyceride-Related Indices and Risk of Acute Pancreatitis: A Prospective Study in UK Biobank.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Inverse association between cardiometabolic index and endometriosis in women of reproductive age: A cross-sectional, population-based study.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Impact of cardiometabolic index on long-term mortality in young adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.PloS one · 2026Article
- Glycaemic Status Modifies the Association Between Cardiometabolic Index and Cardio-Kidney Outcomes: A Multi-Cohort Analysis.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Article
- Impact of cardiometabolic index change on stroke risk in Chinese middle-aged and elderly: a prospective study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Association between the cardiometabolic index and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in diabetes and prediabetes.Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2025Article
- Predictive value of obesity-related indices for incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a longitudinal study of the Fukushima Health Database 2015-2021.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Association Between Cardiometabolic Index and Mortality Among Patients with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Inflammation mediates the relationship between cardiometabolic index and vulnerable plaque in patients with acute coronary syndrome.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Association of cardiometabolic index with gallstone disease and insulin resistance based on NHANES data.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Integrating adipsin with novel cardiometabolic and inflammatory indices for enhanced early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Association Between Cardiometabolic Index and Blood Pressure: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the NHANES 2015-2018 Data.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Longitudinal changes and patterns in cardiometabolic index and the natural course of prediabetes in the China health and retirement longitudinal study.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- The association between the cardiac metabolic index and rapid kidney function decline and CKD in individuals with different glucose metabolism statuses: results from the China health and retirement longitudinal study.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Diabetes is the missing link between cardiometabolic index and gallstones: a large cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Associations between the cardiometabolic index and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease acorss different glucose metabolism statuses: insights from NHANES, 1999-2020.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- The Relationship Between Cardiometabolic Index and New-Onset Diabetes in Adults Aged Over 45: A Longitudinal Analysis Based on CHARLS.International journal of endocrinology · 2025Article
- Association between cardiometabolic index and overactive bladder in adult American women: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
Background: The cardiometabolic index (CMI) has been proposed as a novel indicator of cardiometabolic status. However, evidence on the relationship between CMI and diabetes mellitus (DM) risk was limited. Our study aimed to explore the relationship between CMI and DM risk among a large cohort of Japanese adults. Methods: This retrospective cohort study recruited 15453 Japanese adults without diabetes at baseline who underwent physical examinations at the Murakami Memorial Hospital between 2004 and 2015. Cox proportional-hazards regression was applied to evaluate the independent relationship between CMI and diabetes. Our study performed a generalized smooth curve fitting (penalized spline technique) and an additive model (GAM) to determine the non-linear relationship between CMI and DM risk. In addition, a set of sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses were employed to evaluate the relationship between CMI and incident DM. Results: After adjusting for confounding covariates, CMI was positively related to the DM risk in Japanese adults (HR: 1.65, 95%CI: 1.43-1.90, P<0.0001). A series of sensitivity analyses were also employed in this study to guarantee the reliability of the findings. In addition, our study discovered a non-linear association between CMI and diabetes risk. CMI's inflection point was 1.01. A strong positive association between CMI and diabetes incidence was also discovered to the left of the inflection point (HR: 2.96, 95%CI: 1.96-4.46, P<<0.0001). However, their association was not significant when CMI was higher than 1.01 (HR: 1.27, 95%CI: 0.98-1.64, P=0.0702). Interaction analysis showed that gender, BMI, habit of exercise, and smoking status interacted with CMI. Conclusion: Increased CMI level at baseline is associated with incident DM. The association between CMI and incident DM is also non-linear. A high CMI level is associated with an increased risk for DM when CMI is below 1.01.
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