Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36879022›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2023

Exploring regional aspects of 3D facial variation within European individuals.

Franziska Wilke, Noah Herrick, Harold Matthews, Hanne Hoskens, Sylvia Singh, John R Shaffer, Seth M Weinberg, Mark D Shriver, Peter Claes, Susan Walsh

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Franziska WilkeDepartment of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 723 W Michigan St, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
Noah HerrickDepartment of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 723 W Michigan St, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
Harold MatthewsDepartment of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Hanne HoskensDepartment of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Sylvia SinghDepartment of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 723 W Michigan St, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
John R ShafferDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Seth M WeinbergDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Mark D ShriverDepartment of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Peter ClaesDepartment of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Susan WalshDepartment of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 723 W Michigan St, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. walshsus@iu.edu.

Funding

Extending the Phenotype of Nonsyndromic Orofacial CleftsR01DE016148 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI MARAZITA, MARY L., WEINBERG, SETH M · 2004 to 2018
$19.7M
The Genetic Architecture of Human Facial MorphologyR01DE027023 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI CLAES, PETER, SHAFFER, JOHN R · 2017 to 2024
$5.2M
3D Analysis of Normal Facial Variation: Data Repository and Genetics (Research)U01DE020078 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI MARAZITA, MARY L., WEINBERG, SETH M · 2009 to 2013
$2.0M
NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE016148NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE027023NIDCR NIH HHS R01-DE027023NIDCR NIH HHS U01 DE020078NIDCR NIH HHS U01-DE020078
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Facial ancestry can be described as variation that exists in facial features that are shared amongst members of a population due to environmental and genetic effects. Even within Europe, faces vary among subregions and may lead to confounding in genetic association studies if unaccounted for. Genetic studies use genetic principal components (PCs) to describe facial ancestry to circumvent this issue. Yet the phenotypic effect of these genetic PCs on the face has yet to be described, and phenotype-based alternatives compared. In anthropological studies, consensus faces are utilized as they depict a phenotypic, not genetic, ancestry effect. In this study, we explored the effects of regional differences on facial ancestry in 744 Europeans using genetic and anthropological approaches. Both showed similar ancestry effects between subgroups, localized mainly to the forehead, nose, and chin. Consensus faces explained the variation seen in only the first three genetic PCs, differing more in magnitude than shape change. Here we show only minor differences between the two methods and discuss a combined approach as a possible alternative for facial scan correction that is less cohort dependent, more replicable, non-linear, and can be made open access for use across research groups, enhancing future studies in this field.

Indexed as

AnthropologyForeheadChinConsensusEurope

Identifiers

PMID36879022
PMCPMC9988837

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.