ReviewWorld journal of clinical oncology2023
Therapeutic challenge for immunotherapy targeting cold colorectal cancer: A narrative review.
Review in World journal of clinical oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Heating the Cold: Overcoming Immunotherapy Resistance in Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Cancer-associated fibroblasts drive immune resistance in MSS colorectal cancer via the FAIM2-CES1-ER stress pathway.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Article
- Article
- Comprehensive profiling of alternative splicing and immune landscapes in rectal cancer: implications for mRNA vaccine design and immune subtype stratification.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- PRL-3 as a metastasis-associated phosphatase in colorectal cancer: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2025Review
- Gut commensal bacteria influence colorectal cancer development by modulating immune response in AOM/DSS-treated mice.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Directed protein engineering identifies a human TIM-4 blocking antibody that enhances anti-tumor response to checkpoint inhibition in murine colon carcinoma.Antibody therapeutics · 2024Article
- PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors in cold colorectal cancer: challenges and strategies.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cold colorectal tumors are not likely to trigger a robust immune response and tend to suppress the immune response. There may be three reasons. First, the complex tumor microenvironment of cold colorectal cancer (CRC) leads to tolerance and clearance of immunotherapy. Second, the modification and concealment of tumor-specific targets in cold CRC cause immune escape and immune response interruption. Finally, the difference in number and function of immune cell subsets in patients with cold CRC makes them respond poorly to immunotherapy. Therefore, we can only overcome the challenges in immunotherapy of cold CRC through in-depth research and understanding the changes and mechanisms in the above three aspects of cold CRC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.