Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36912177›Full record

Observational studyPrehospital and disaster medicine2023

Disasters in Spain from 1950 - 2020: Impact on Public Health.

Pedro Arcos González, Nel Suárez Ruiz, Rafael Castro Delgado, José Antonio Cernuda Martínez

Full text readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Prehospital and disaster medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Risk management during times of health uncertainty in Spain: A qualitative analysis of ethical challenges.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Pedro Arcos GonzálezUnit for Research in Emergency and Disaster, Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-5442
Nel Suárez RuizUnit for Research in Emergency and Disaster, Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Rafael Castro DelgadoUnit for Research in Emergency and Disaster, Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9520-656X
José Antonio Cernuda MartínezUnit for Research in Emergency and Disaster, Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2907-4081

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe aim of this study was to establish the frequency and profile of disasters and to analyze trends in disasters and their impact on Spanish public health.

methodsRetrospective observational study of disasters that occurred in Spain from 1950 through 2020 was conducted. The variables studied for each episode were number of people affected, number of injured/sick, and number of deaths. Absolute and relative frequencies, population rates, mean, median, standard error of the mean (SEM), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used, and trend analysis was performed using exponential smoothing and linear regression.

resultsA total of 491 disasters were identified in Spain. Of these, 255 (51.9%) were natural disasters, 224 (45.7%) technological disasters, and 12 (2.4%) man-made disasters. The average number of disasters per year was 7.01 (95% CI, 5.99-9.34). These disasters affected a total of 820,489 people, with an average of 3,491 people (SEM = 2.18) per episode. There was a significant increase (P <.001) in the total frequency of disasters in Spain during the period studied.

conclusionsSpain has a disaster profile of mixed type, combining natural with technological disasters. From 1950 through 2020, there was a significant increase in the number of disasters, with an overall profile similar to that of Europe, with climatological disasters being the most frequent type.

Indexed as

DisastersNatural DisastersEuropeHumansPublic HealthSpaindisastersmortalitypublic health

Identifiers

PMID36912177
PMCPMC10027486

What Socratic holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
measurements read27
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.